Browsing by Author "Petruk, Roman"

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Adsorptive desulfurization of industrial wastewatern
(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2020-02-10) Khudoyarova, Olga; Gordienko, Olga; Sydoruk, Tetiana; Titov, Taras; Petruk, Roman; Prokopchuk, Serhii; Vinnytsia Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi State Pedagogical University; Vinnytsia National Technical University
An alternative method of purification of aqueous sulfide-alkaline effluents from sulfide and hydrosulfide ions by their adsorption with mixed sorbents based on activated charcoal and kieselguhr has been investigated. High adsorption efficiency of mixed sorbents for purification of model sulfide- and hydrosulfide-containing solutions has been established. The dependence of the extraction degree of sulfide and hydrosulfide ions from aqueous solutions on their concentration, adsorption time and sorbent mass used has been investigated. The surface of mixed sorbents after purification of sulfide-alkaline model solutions was investigated by X-ray analysis, and the presence of various modifications of sodium sulfide on the surface was shown. The scheme of adsorption treatment of industrial sewage with the use of mixed sorbents has been offered.
Ecological safety of pesticide use in Ukraine
(Lviv Politechnic Publishing House, 2017-09-08) Petruk, Roman; Kostyuk, Volodymyr; Vinnytsia National Technical University
The purpose of the study is to determine the levels of hazardous pesticides used in Ukraine and the world and to identify the most dangerous of them. The main agrochemical manufacturers of Ukraine are analyzed and a list of active pesticide substances is made. The ecotoxic method has been used and the list of the most environmentally hazardous pesticides for the environment and humans has been established. The mechanism of increasing environmental safety by using different pesticides on agricultural lands with acid and alkaline soils is proposed.
Environmental safety management of substandard pesticide residues and remediation and reclamation of contaminated soil
(Lviv Politechnic Publishing House, 2019-02-26) Petruk, Roman; Katkov, Mykhailo; Vinnytsia National Technical University; O. M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv
In Ukraine, there is still a great number of unused, unidentified and substandard pesticide preparations (PPs) and other toxic substances which have an extremely dangerous impact on humans and other living ecosystems and the environment. Besides, more than 75 thousand tons of pesticides are imported and produced annually in Ukraine, but some of them are not used during the period of their suitability. Consequently, when stored mostly in dilapidated warehouses and repositories of agrochemicals, as well as in the open areas, they fall into underground and ground water, and then through trophic chains into the organisms of living systems, causing severe poisoning and diseases. We note that till now, the problem of unsuitable PPs was solved only in the context of their utilization or export for processing outside the state, while the rest of this ecological problem – the restoration of soils and the remediation of contaminated lands at the state level, is not virtually solved. Therefore, the substantiation of the scientific and practical aspects of environmental safety management of such remediation processes is on time.
Environmental safety management of used packaging of pesticides and other dangerous substances
(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2020-02-10) Petruk, Roman; Petrushka, Ihor; Pohrebennyk, Volodymyr; Vinnytsia National Technical University; Lviv Polytechnic National University
In Ukraine, there is a problem of environmentally hazardous handling of used packaging of pesticides and other toxic chemicals and hazardous waste which can pose a serious threat to human health and the environment. The paper presents modern methods of disposal of pesticide packaging in the world and the situation in Ukraine. The Ukrainian and world environmental legislations regulating the problem of pesticide packaging management are analyzed. The scheme of processing and disposal of pesticide containers is proposed. Types and materials from which pesticide packaging is made are analyzed. Methods and equipment for washing of pesticide containers and handling of washing solutions are given. As a result, it is recommended to intensify the process of organizing a system for collecting, certifying and setting up licensed pesticide and other hazardous waste disposal facilities, as well as ensuring state support and the use of the best international experience.
Hazardous household waste management in Vinnytsia region
(Publishing House of Lviv Polytechnic National University, 2016) Ishchenko, Vitalii; Petruk, Roman; Kozak, Yana
The article analyzes hazardous household waste, including detergents, paints, adhesives, expired medicines, luminescent lamps, pesticides, fertilizers, batteries and accumulators, electrical and electronic waste, mercury-containing materials. Research shows that they contain a large quantity of dangerous and toxic substances (compounds of heavy metals, chlorinated polymers, aromatic hydrocarbons, surfactants, etc.), which pose a significant risk to the environment and human. The analysis of hazardous household waste management in the Vinnytsia region has showed absence of the appropriate management system. Hazardous household waste is collected separately only fragmentary and is released into environment together with other household waste, creating an environmental hazard in the region. The article also contains recommendations for the hazardous household waste management.
Technological aspects of environmentally friendly processes of domestic phosphorites reduction
(Publishing House of Lviv Polytechnic National University, 2016) Petruk, Roman; Petruk, Halyna; Kryklyvyi, Rostyslav; Bezvozyuk, Iryna
Chemical processes of phosphorites reduction by natural gas have been examined in the presence of sodium sulphate. The exchange of soda fluxing additives for sodium sulfate decreases the reduction process temperature, when such valuable products as phosphorus sulfides are formed, namely P4S10. We have shown that such exchange allows to reduce the process power consumption. В статті розглянуто теоретичні та технологічні основи екологічно безпечних процесів відновлення вітчизняних фосфоритів природним газом у присутності сульфату натрію. Встановлено, що заміна содових флюсуючих добавок на сульфат натрію призводить до зниження температури відновлювального процесу з 1323 до 1223 K, при якій утворюються цінні продукти – сульфіди фосфору і, передусім, P4S10, що дає можливість знизити енергоємність виробництва.
The concept of environmental safety of Vinnytsia region in the waste management sphere
(Publishing House of Lviv Polytechnic National University, 2016) Petruk, Roman; Petruk, Vasyl; Ishchenko, Vitalii; Kvaterniuk, Sergey
The aim of the research is to collect the information and analyze integrated systems of municipal solid waste (MSW) management and treatment in Vinnytsia region for its further optimization. The state of landfills and waste dump sites in Vinnytsia region, existing MSW collection system (container availability) and waste transportation system (availability and frequency of transportation) in all districts of Vinnytsia region, legal framework in the field of solid waste management, the state of public awareness and public opinion on MSW management in Vinnytsia region are analyzed; recommendations for environmental safety of Vinnytsia region in the waste management sphere are given.