Інженерна механіка та транспорт (EMT-2013). – 2013 р.
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Матеріали IІІ Міжнародної конференції молодих вчених EМТ-2013
У збірнику опубліковано матеріали конференції, присвяченої проблемам у галузі інженерної механіки, транспортних технологій, машинобудування, автоматизації виробництва. Видання призначено для науковців, аспірантів, студентів.
Інженерна механіка та транспорт : матеріали IІІ Міжнародної конференції молодих вчених EМТ-2013, 21–23 листопада 2013 року, Україна, Львів / Міністерство освіти і науки, молоді та спорту України, Національний університет "Львівська політехніка". – Львів : Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013. – 112 с. : іл. – (4-й Міжнародний молодіжний фестиваль науки "Litteris et Artibus"). – Паралельний титульний аркуш англійською.
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Item Increase of cars reliability at the expense of their warranty service abroad process improvement(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Makarova, Irina; Khabibullin, Rifat; Belyaev, Eduard; Kozadaev, Ruslan; Cheremin, AleksandrThe article is devoted to the development of theoretical and practical methods of solving problems associated with the development of the system of the corporate service of trucks and increase efficiency of its functioning. It is shown the influence of the climatic conditions of the region operating on the indicators of operational reliability. The proposed method will allow to organize the accumulation of statistical data on the most frequent reasons of premature refusals emergence in certain service conditions; accumulation of analytical data from the dealer centers allowing the producer purposefully to improve a design of the car, increasing its reliability and safety.Item Motor vehicles transition on natural gas fuel: prospects, advantages, risks(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Makarova, Irina; Khabibullin, Rifat; Gabsalikhova, Larisa; Buyvol, Polina; Valiev, IlshatThe article is devoted to development of practical methods an assessment of prospects, risks and analysis of ecological efficiency of the actions connected with development of the automobile market on gas motor fuel. Advantages of use of gas motor fuel as safe and environmentally friendly type of alternative fuel are considered. Limiting factors of transition of the automobile transport on gas fuel are described and analyzed. High-quality risk analysis, characteristic for projects on expansion of a network of automobile gas-filling compressor stations and development of service of gas cylinder cars is carried out.Item Fracture risk assessment of trunk oil pipeline by corrosion fatigue mechanism of service defects development(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Vasyl LuzhetskyyEngineering estimations of the corrosion fracture velocity of oil pipelines have been given, which include both mechanical and physical-chemical interaction operation factors of strained material with workspace. Characteristics of cyclic corrosion crack resistance of a pipe metal of the exploited oil-trunk pipeline with the regard for operating production factors have been defined. New data about corrosive and fatigue failure of pipes in dependence on the initial sizes and forms of their detected defects have been obtained. Cyclic used and unused pipe investigated steel crack resistance charts have been compiled. Also, it has been established, that aqueous corrosive environments (soil and distilled water) essentially influence the fatigue failure propagation process in the investigated steel.Item Оцінка контрейлерних перевезень та підвищення їх ефективності(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Кравченко, Катерина; Вовк, Ірина; Литвиненко, МаксимThe article presents statistics of freight transportation for the years 2002-2013. Held the analysis of the shortcomings of road and rail transport modes. Performed classification methods unloading automotive vehicles, which are transported on railway platforms. Proposed objective function for evaluating the effectiveness of a piggyback, the physical meaning of which is to try to minimize material costs, harmful emissions, time, drag, dirt carried by road rolling, volumes of stolen goods. Improved design of the railway platform, thus improving safety, reduce pollution carried by car rolling stock and reduce the aerodynamic drag of rolling stock.Item Удосконалення інформаційної керуючої системи Укрзалізниці на основі інтераперабельності(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Чеклов, Володимир; Римар, КатеринаThis paper describes efficiency criterions that allows to measure with high adequacy projecting, developing and implementing workflow system. The relevance of electronic documents of the railways, the development of new information technologies, communications and computing new generation in today's economic development. Using a number of automated control systems. Introduction of new systems of resource management as a form of transportation process monitoring.Item Удосконалення роботи транспортної системи вугільно-енергетичного комплексу(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Науменко, ОлексійThe aim of the study is analyze of the possibilities of rational organization of traffic volumes and the organization of the transport system of carbon and energy, which is the largest consumer of transport services in the country. The main points the fuel and energy complex: extraction, refining, transportation of coal and generation of electricity, its fuel and energy balance. The current state of the organization of transport service fuel and energy complex on the east on the country. Identify the advantages and disadvantages of the use of the rolling stock of public and private transport and using their own cars to transport coal from the mining sites to places of enrichment and power generation. Suggested on the basis of supervisory apparatus enterprise to create an independent carrier that will proactively manage, monitor and efficiently organize transport service fuel and energy complex.Item Критерій порівняльної оцінки схем організації дорожнього руху за витратами палива(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Гецович, Євген; Казакова, МаринаThe paper deals with the influence of traffic on the change in fuel consumption of the vehicle when driving in certain modes of motion. The purpose of the article is to describe the technique of determining the criterion of comparative assessment of traffic options on fuel consumption. The obtained criterion is based on resulting of the coefficient of relative change in fuel consumption of traffic depending on the driving modes , namely the free driving mode with stops, free-driving mode with excessive speed , freedriving mode with ermitted speed , "start-stop" mode and constrained mode movement. The proposed method of determining the comparative evaluation of fuel consumption, depending on the mode of traffic flow , will allow for a comparative assessment of measures directed to traffic manasement and provide recommendations for the introduction of specific measures.Item Аналіз використання міжнародних транспортних коридорів в Україні(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Чеклова, Валентина; Панченко, Юрій; Костиря, ІринаThe article analyzes the international transport corridors concerning Ukraine. We consider separately each of the corridors, their length along grated Ukraine as rail and road journey. The features of the data corridors, their disadvantages. Create ITC and entering them into the international transport system is recognized nationwide priority direction of development of the transport system of Ukraine. Since 1998, implemented a number of important tasks "Program establishment and operation of a national network of international transport corridors Ukraine". On the infrastructure ITC, new technologies, the development of information systems, conducting research. The fact that the state has a very high coefficient of transitivity (Transport attractive) and therefore recovery, development and expansion of transport corridors is important for Ukraine.Item Зміст до "Інженерна механіка та транспорт - EМТ-2013"(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013)Item Визначення напружено-деформованого стану гумового буфера на основі уточненої моментної схеми скінченного елемента(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Гребенюк, Сергій; Бова, ГаннаThis work is devoted to elaboration and numerical realization of method of research of the stressstrain state of the rubber buffer taking into account weak compressibility on the basis of the precise finite element moment scheme. To determine the stress-strain state of the rubber buffer in conditions of linear deformation the threedimensional finite element method has been used. For increasing the accuracy of numerical results the precise finite element moment scheme has been applied. This scheme is a modification of moment scheme and envisages the receipt of expressions for deformations on the base of supplement of approximating initial polynomials of finite elements to a complete. The undertaken research shows that calculation of rubber constructions taking into account weakly compressibility of materials allows getting the adequate results using the cubic approximation of displacements.Item Optimal synthesis of the impulsive resonant two-mass vibro-impact systems(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Gursky, Volodymyr; Murashev, Sergiy; Gogol, RostyslavThe article solves the applied problem of the technological efficiency increase of resonant two-mass vibrating machines with an impulsive electromagnetic drive based on optimization synthesis and frequency analysis of asymmetric piece-linear elastic description. The value of speed of working mass is accepted for an objective function. Synthesis is based by frequency coefficient and relation of eigenfrequencies. The rational resilient parameters of asymmetric piece-linear elastic description settle accounts after the optimum values of the proper coefficients. The availability of the poly-frequency spectrum in the resonant mode of machine, operated by impulsive electromagnetic perturbation, is confirmed by the dynamic analysis and numerical system modeling.Item Waste substances for the electricity production. Cheap power off the power industry(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Kardasz, PiotrThe following article present the research on using an alternative fuel in diesel engines. The tested fuel is made from waste oil. The research conducted that use of this fuel helps to reduce the amount of pollutants emitted during the combustion and decreases the energy consumption. The use of the tested fuel also contributes to solve the waste disposal problem and increases the energy efficiency of the process.Item Покажчик авторів(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013)Item Удосконалення методики визначення рівня безпеки на автомобільних дорогах(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Птиця, ГеннадійIdentification and analysis of road safety is the first step in the management of safety and is crucial in the development of measures directed to prevent and reduce the number of road traffic accidents. The given study substantiates the need for improving the determination of safety level indexes of traffic on public roads, and the peculiarities as well as limitations concerning practical application of the existing methods used for determining the basic safety parameters are specified. An approach to improving the existing techniques using the methods of multivariate statistical analysis, the methods of cluster analysis, and the factor analysis methods for streamlining and reduction of parameters taken into account by the existing methods is proposed. The scheme of improvement phases according to the selected criteria is drawn up, and each criterion is consistently described. The results of theoretical research on reducing the number of parameters that are investigated at the expense of switching from individual accident coefficient to latent ones are offered.Item Особливості застосування мурашиних алгоритмів для розв’язування задачі комівояжера(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Могила, Ігор; Лобач, ІринаIt is chosen the ant colony algorithm among up-to-date metaheuristic methods for solving the traveling salesman problem, which simulates ant behavior during food search. Main steps of the ant colony algorithm are considered, it is implemented in MATLAB. It is determined that values of input parameters and presence of elite ants impact the efficiency of its functioning. It is determined number of iteration, necessary for finding the optimal solution for networks with different sizes.Item Титульний аркуш до "Інженерна механіка та транспорт - EМТ-2013"(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013)Item Дослідження коефіцієнтів зведення у щільних транспортних потоках(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Форнальчик, Є. Ю.; Леськів, І. О.; Леськів, М. О.The necessity of usage of passenger car unit equivalent for destiny traffic flows is shown. Vehicles were classified on passenger cars, trucks and buses. It is determined that values of passenger car unit equivalents are smaller for all vehicle types than given in regulatory documents. The usage of theirs will allow take into account traffic flow composition at urban street network more adequately.Item Визначення загального вигляду кривих розселення населення українських міст(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Свічинський, СтаніславNowadays there is an insufficient attention to regularities in city population allocation. It can not be justified because these regularities are directly related to the transport demand and they reflect its spatial distribution over the city, that indicates the possibility of using the regularities mentioned in trip matrix calculation. Known to date population allocation curves refer to the cities of the former USSR and they are determined on the basis of large-scale surveys of citizens’ trips. It caused the research of population allocation functions in present-day conditions. Characteristics of public transport network became the basis of the research, because satisfaction of transport demand is a main purpose of route network functioning. This research, which was based not only on empirical data but on the theoretical considerations, allowed to determine theoretically possible population allocation curves and to significantly reduce the resource consuming of this process. Consequently, it was determined that all of these curves can be described by the curve of relative Gamma-distribution function.Item Удосконалення взаємодії станцій примикання і під’їзних колій морських портів(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Чеклов, Володимир; Шеховцов, Олексій; Матвієнко, СергійSea ports are an important element of the economy. Port's efficiency affects on the transport links with foreign countries. Most of the cargos is delivered to the ports and transported from them by railway transport. Therefore, improvement of technology of interaction of railways and ports is very important. Measures to improve the interaction technology of stations and ports have been proposed. The interval between the innings of cars has been reduced. The number of cars in the supply was increased. Improvements are proposed based on local conditions and traffic safety. This will allow to use the engineering tools more effectively.Item Cистема керування автоматизованим вимірювальним комплексом для дослідження властивостей пористих матеріалів на базі нечіткого нейроконтролера(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Смолянкін, Олег; Маркіна, ЛюдмилаPurpose. Development of hardware-software complex based on IR 5047-50 tensile machine, model building automated control systems elongation details, modeling and forecasting the behavior of porous materials under complex loading trajectories with the use of fuzzy logic. Design/methodology/approach. The authors reviewed the methods of deformation of structural materials neodnorodnyh and installation for studying deformation and strength properties of powder materials. The developed device for lifting strength and deformation characteristics of a tenzometric sensors. Constructed taruvalni dependence. Models of porous materials based on fuzzy logic. We recommend using the method of fuzzy logic to predict material behavior under complex loading paths. Findings. Developed a model plant and automated control systems of power load parameters, followed by registration of deformation characteristics using fuzzy logic Originality/value appropriate use of fuzzy logic method for modeling the behavior of porous materials.