Вимірювальна техніка та метрологія. – 2020. – Випуск 81, №2

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Measuring Equipment and Metrology : scientific journal. – Lviv : Lviv Politechnic Publishing House, 2020. – Volume 81, № 2. – 44 р.

Вимірювальна техніка та метрологія

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    Metrological support of gamma-ray measurements in Ukraine
    (Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2020-02-24) Yatsyshyn, Svyatoslav; Lazarenko, Sergii; Lazarenko, Nadiya; Lviv Polytechnic National University
    The specific of metrological support for different types of dosemeters are considered. Gamma-ray sensors are commonly used for measuring radiation doses as also the fluid levels in the industry. Typically, the 60Co or 137Cs isotopes as the radiation source are applied. For instance, in the USA, such detectors are beginning to be used as part of the Container Security Initiative [1]. Problems of their metrological assurance are becoming more general. They require the development of metrological support. There are conducted researches of calibration, metrological verification, and determination of the sensitivity of gammaray dosemeters, based on the joint application of installations equipped with ionizing radiation sources and of X-ray installations. The implementation of the Program of Integration of Ukraine into the European Union requires harmonization of Ukrainian and International standards, in the field of metrological assurance of means for measuring the characteristics of ionizing radiation including. Recently, several regulatory, methodological documents and issues have been published. They concern the dosimetric measurement of gamma-ray characteristics in the field of radiation safety, diagnostics, and therapy.
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    Титульний аркуш до “Вимірювальна техніка та метрологія”
    (Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2020-02-24)
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    Content
    (Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2020-02-24)
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    Nanopositioning and nanomeasuring machine for multi-sensor applications
    (Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2020-02-24) Manske, Eberhard; Jäger, Gerd; Mastylo, Rostyslav; Dontsov, Denis; Technische Universität Ilmenau; SIOS Meßtechnik GmbH
    In micro- and nanotechnology, the demands placed on measurement technology are increasing. The structures to be measured are becoming more complex with smaller structure widths, increasingly larger surface regions, and thousands of inspection features. To solve the problems, it has become desirable and even necessary to combine multi-sensor technology with high precision nanopositioning and nanomeasuring technology. The Nanopositioning and Nanomeasuring Machine NMM-1 with a measuring range of 25 mm × 25 mm × 5 mm and sub-nanometer resolution allow the application of several optical, tactile and atomic force probes. The combination of several sensor technologies in a multi-sensor approach for application with the NMM-1 is demonstrated.
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    Dynamics of motion of electron in electrical field
    (Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2020-02-24) Tchaban, Vasil; Lviv Polytechnic National University
    Nowadays, the function of the law of interaction of moving charged bodies has been taken over entirely by the theory of relativity, being covered by a pseudo slogan about the inability of Galileo transformations. In contrast, the article adapts Coulomb’s law in the case of moving charges in all possible speeds in the usual three-dimensional Euclidean space and physical time. This takes into account the finite speed of propagation of the electric field and the law of conservation of the charge. On this basis, the dynamics of the free motion of an electron in a non-uniform electric field are simulated. For qualitative and quantitative evaluations of the manifestation of the relativistic effect on the dynamics of motion, the duplicate time functions of velocities and coordinates obtained by classical Coulomb’s law are given. Electromechanical analogies of electric and gravitational fields have been made.
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    Risk management in the clinic – diagnostic laboratories
    (Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2020-02-24) Sydorko, Ihor; Baitsar, Roman; SE “Lviv Scientific and Production Center for Standardization, Metrology, and Certification”; Lviv Polytechnic National University
    Adopting socially responsible management practices of the organization promotes greater awareness in decisionmaking, based on a better understanding of society’s expectations, anticipation of risks, and opportunities. Responsible management of an organization can improve its relationships with stakeholders. Encouraging compliance with regulatory obligations leads to decisions that are more likely to gain the support and trust of those who implement them and who they influence. The result can be improved risk management practices and improved reputation. The concept of “risk” today has a fairly broad meaning and is used in completely different contexts. Synonyms of risk can be such concepts as “danger”, “threat”, “trouble”, etc. However, in many definitions of risk in the scientific literature, this term is used in a special sense, where risk is associated primarily with the concept of uncertainty. Therefore, the risk is understood as uncertainty, which can result in one or another adverse event. Clinical risks – risks that arise directly from the provision of medical care. These include clinical errors and negligence, infections in medical care, and non-consent. The principles of risk management and the need to use them are effectively applied in many areas of economic activity and public administration, including health care, as well as institutions that provide regulatory activities in these areas, including clinical diagnostic laboratories. Today, prevention as management of patient quality of health has become a dominant part of medicine, where laboratory diagnostics, which can detect the risks of many diseases, is not the least important. The presence in the health care system of only certain fragments of activity risk necessitates the formation of an overwhelming majority of an effective integrated risk management system, which must comply with certain requirements and principles: determining the characteristics of the system; optimization of the risk management model of medical structures; substantiation of prerequisites for the introduction of a comprehensive medical risk management system and evaluation of the effectiveness of its operation.
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    Optoelectronic quartz sensor of force and pressure
    (Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2020-02-24) Rak, Volodymyr; Yatsyshyn, Svyatoslav; Baitsar, Roman; Lviv Polytechnic National University
    Sensors with a frequency output signal are marked as particularly high accuracy, it is easy to switch, and signals may be transmitted over long distances. The main element of such sensors is an electromechanical oscillator connected to the feedback of the autogenerator. String metal oscillators do not provide the required measurement accuracy due to unsatisfactory elasticity, hysteresis, relaxation, and drift of characterisrics. The creation of oscillators made of quartz and silicon due to the perfection of these materials, is difficult. Tere exist the technological problems and problems of conjugation of temperature coefficients of materials expansion. It is proposed a quartz sensor without an oscillator, made from the quartz and equipped by optoelectronic means.
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    Studies of temperature-humidity characteristics of the greenhouse cyber-physical system
    (Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2020-02-24) Midyk, Andrii-Volodymyr; Lysa, Olha; Lviv Polytechnic National University; Lviv National Agrarian University
    The main information parameters of the microclimate of greenhouse premises are substantiated, in particular: air temperature, relative humidity, illumination of greenhouse premises, soil temperature, soil humidity, the concentration of carbon dioxide. The cyber-physical system for vegetables’ cultivation with the regulation of temperature-humidity-insolation regime contains three subsystems, namely the subsystem of temperature control, the subsystem of humidity control, and the subsystem of insolation control. Accordingly, each of them is equipped with a conjugated smart sensor and a smart actuator. As a result, the choice of smart sensors and their location in the greenhouse is considered. CPS’s model has been performed and tested. To assess the uniformity of the temperature in the greenhouse and the points of the sensor's location, the temperature and humidity were measured previously. The defined set of their values were maintained while the CPS’ operation.
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    Emulator for adjusting and improving the management program of multitasks of AFC/PFC analyzer Clarke Hess 250
    (Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2020-02-24) Ishchenko, Liubomyr; Baran, Mariana; Lviv Polytechnic National University
    Nowadays, digital technologies are successful in many areas substantially facilitating the lives of people. Different kinds of computers with special software are applied to manage devices. But the choice of an appropriate program is quite difficult. There the certain error not predicted previously at the stage of the software development may arise. For debugging this type of application, the physical device is needed. The latter may not be available due to its usage by other specialists. To solve such problems, the emulators that simulate the work of a particular system are developed. An article presents the problem of operating the control program multifunction gainphase analyzer of Clarke Hess 2505 with calibrating coil system. The development strategy for its debugging is created and an emulator for debugging the gain-phase analyzer control program is implemented. It allows the leading engineer to establish the program operation, stability, and resistance to various problems.