Browsing by Author "Ванькович, Любомир Ярославович"

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Дифузія результатів інноваційної діяльності машинобудівних підприємств
(Національний університет "Львівська політехніка", 2019) Ванькович, Любомир Ярославович; Георгіаді, Неллі Георгіївна; Національний університет «Львівська політехніка»; Турило, Анатолій Михайлович; Ліпич, Любов Григорівна
Дисертацію присвячено вирішенню наукового і прикладного завдання управління поширенням результатів інноваційної діяльності машинобудівних підприємств. Вперше розроблено функціональну модель рефлексивного управління дифузією результатів інноваційної діяльності підприємств, що базується на моделях матричних ігор для побудови оптимальних змішаних стратегій дифузії результатів інноваційної діяльності. Удосконалено методичні положення з оцінювання стану та альтернативного коригування процесу дифузії результатів інноваційної діяльності машинобудівних підприємств. Розвинуто поняття «дифузія результатів інноваційної діяльності підприємства», процес декомпозиції та концептуальну модель дифузії результатів інноваційної діяльності підприємств, класифікацію видів дифузії результатів інноваційної діяльності машинобудівних підприємств, а також класифікацію факторів, які впливають на дифузію. Диссертацию посвящено решению научного и прикладного задания управления распространением результатов инновационной деятельности машиностроительных предприятий. Впервые разработана функциональная модель рефлексивного управления диффузией результатов инновационной деятельности предприятий, основанная на моделях матричных игр для построения оптимальных смешанных стратегий диффузии результатов инновационной деятельности. Усовершенствованы методические положения по оценке состояния и альтернативной корректировки процесса диффузии результатов инновационной деятельности машиностроительных предприятий. Развито понятие «диффузия результатов инновационной деятельности предприятия», процесс декомпозиции и концептуальную модель диффузии результатов инновационной деятельности предприятий, классификацию видов диффузии результатов инновационной деятельности машиностроительных предприятий, а также классификацию факторов, влияющих на диффузию. The first chapter “Theoretical and applied grounds of the diffusion of machine-building enterprise innovative activity results” discloses the essence and role of the diffusion of enterprise innovative activity results, considers results of innovative activities of enterprises as an object of diffusion, and specifies a notion of the diffusion of enterprise innovative activity results (a phenomenon, which accompanies a process of commercialization and contemplates through communication channels distribution of new or improved goods, technologies, a brand, a right to produce and use them, creative ideas elevated to know-how, etc. among potential consumers (users) over time and space). Unlike other scientists, the author has taken into account specified inherent features of diffusion and has concretized the relations between them to form own definition of the diffusion of enterprise innovative activity results. The author has specified and supplemented a classification of types of the diffusion of enterprise innovative activity results. In contrast to the current classifications, the proposed classification takes into consideration the nature of relations between factors. This is important in applying the factor analysis for choosing one managerial decision among a number of alternative ones. Such peculiarity has enabled to enhance their classification through introducing new classification features (in terms of object, level, geographic coverage, direction of implementation, initiating entities), to optimize and integrate classification features, to eliminate the repetition of the features, and to determine belonging of a certain type. Furthermore, the author has developed a conceptual model of the diffusion of enterprise innovative activity results, which, in contrast to the existing ones, describes the interaction of its key elements (principles, participators, processes, results, factors affecting a diffusion process) and concretizes a functional purpose and the essence of these elements. According to the model, there are interrelations between key components of the diffusion of enterprise innovative activity results. These interrelations imply that participators of diffusion relations, who are guided by particular principles and influenced by factors affecting the diffusion of enterprise innovative activity results and stipulating their nature, quality, and success, provide a process of diffusion of innovations in order to obtain a final result. In the second chapter “Analysing and assessing the status of the diffusion of machine-building enterprise innovative activity results”, the author improves provisions on assessing the status of the diffusion of machine-building enterprise innovative activity results. In contrast to the existing ones, the suggested provisions takes into account size of markets and diffusion velocity, market segmentation, and a level of filling a market gap of a market segment. This allows indicating factor and resultative features of the phenomenon of diffusion of enterprise innovative activity results as well as revealing and using reserves of intensification of the diffusion phenomenon for analytical purposes. The author has examined, systematized, and characterized factors affecting the diffusion of enterprise innovative activity results. The done research has shown that a number of factors, namely size of a market of a diffusion object, a level of diversification of a diffusion object, a concentration ratio for a diffusion object, quality of a diffusion object, price of a diffusion object, a level of development of market communications, the nature of a diffusion object, a level of development of a management system at a diffuser, a level of development of information security within a system for information support of a diffuser, and a level of creativity of a diffuser, influence to the diffusion of enterprise innovative activity results. Having analysed domestic and foreign experience related to the diffusion of innovations, the author summarizes that regardless of positive tendencies of the status of the diffusion of machine-building enterprise innovative activity results to improve, it remains relatively unsatisfactory in general. A problem of development of innovations in Ukraine should not be solved at the micro-level only. The absence of appropriate facilities for the interaction of science and entrepreneurship is one of the main problems. In the third chapter “Improving methodical provisions regarding the diffusion of machine-building enterprise innovative activity results”, the author has enhanced the consequence of stages for decomposition of the diffusion of enterprise innovative activity results, which take into consideration the conformity of methods for selling innovative products (diffusion tactics) and technologies with existing diffusion models (diffusion strategies). This process enables diffusers to gain positive externalities arising from distribution of own results of innovative activities among market participators. The author has developed a functional model for reflexive management of the diffusion of enterprise innovative activity results based on models of matrix games for building optimal maxed strategies of the diffusion of enterprise innovative activity results. Reflexive management aims at achieving a maximum effect from manipulating freedom of choice belonged to a rival or consumer (user) of an object of diffusion. Anticipated effects from applying reflexive management by a diffuser may be maximum, minimum, or medium. Applying of the functional model for reflexive management of the diffusion of enterprise innovative activity results by diffusers will conduce to strengthening their competitive positions and accelerating distribution of innovations and other results of innovative activities in a market. This measure will enhance economic efficiency of processes concerned with commercialization of innovations in general. In addition, the author has improved an approach to building a system of alternative approaches to correcting a process of the diffusion of machine-building enterprise innovative activity results owing to applying the Dijkstra’s algorithm. This algorithm differs from the existing ones by an opportunity to cease implementation of a strategy for promotion of results of innovative activities under achieving the value of a planned target indicator at one of stages of a chosen strategy. An advantage of applying the Markov chains contemplates that enterprises, which specialize in promoting goods, possess a considerable amount of retrospective information to be used for analysing various diffusion models, namely their economic efficiency.