Browsing by Author "Mykhailenko, Vladyslav"

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Management efficiency for certain types of plastic waste
(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2023-02-28) Mykhailenko, Vladyslav; Shelinhovskyi, Dmytro; Safranov, Tamerlan; Odessa State Environmental University
The issue of segregating plastic waste from the general stream of municipal solid waste and its recycling and disposal is a pressing environmental and socio-economic problem. Given that existing plastic waste recycling facilities in Ukraine are underutilized and partially operate on imported raw materials, the problem of separating and processing certain types of plastic waste from Ukraine's overall solid waste flow is extremely urgent. Plastic wastes are categorized by disposal complexity into three groups: 1.With good properties (clean, sorted, easily disposed of, and up to 90% of similar materials can be used during recycling); 2. With medium properties (containing a certain amount of pollutants, that require sorting, and their processing involves additional costs such as selection, washing, etc., resulting in only 20-30% of their initial quantity being recycled); 3. Difficult-to-dispose wastes (heavily contaminated and mixed, their processing is often not cost-effective). Polyethylene is one of the most common types of plastic wastes in Ukraine, accounting for 34% of all plastic waste. It was discovered that low-pressure or high-density polyethylene is one of the most marketable types of secondary raw materials in Ukraine, making the separation and collection of this type of plastic waste economically beneficial. The aim of the study is to justify the possibilities of extracting and disposing of plastic waste from the flow of municipal solid wastes in specific cities of Ukraine. This has been implemented by the public organization "City of the Future" in partnership with the Odesa State Environmental University.
The problem of evaluation of individual persistent organic pollutants emissions from road transport (Illustrated by the case of Odessa industrial-and-urban agglomeration)
(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2022-06-01) Mykhailenko, Vladyslav; Safranov, Tamerlan; Odessa State Environmental University
One of the main environmental polluters, especially in large cities of Ukraine, is road transport. In particular, road transport is one of the main sources of persistent organic pollutants in the environment. Therefore, monitoring of air pollution by road transport is one of the most relevant questions in Ukraine, especially considering its intentions to join the European Union. Analysis of the regulatory and legislative frameworks of Ukraine shows that, unfortunately, today, there are no regulatory documents that motivate to reduce the load of mobile sources, including road transport, on the environment. Moreover, even though the only methodology for calculating pollutant emissions from mobile sources expired in 2015, no new methodology has been developed yet. This paper calculates the masses of pollutants formed during the combustion of gasoline and diesel fuel, and proves the necessity to take into consideration persistent organic pollutants when assessing the toxicity of exhaust fumes, considering their cumulative effect and half-life. The calculation was performed according to European and national (Ukrainian) methodologies, which are supplemented by the calculation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) formation. Using the relative hazard factor, the relative masses of these substances are calculated, the obtained masses of all components of the exhaust fumes are ranked, the contribution of each component to the toxicity of emissions is revealed. Using emission factors, the specific emissions of these persistent organic pollutants during the combustion of diesel fuel, gasoline, liquefied and compressed gases are calculated. By the results, the types of organic fuels with the highest priority for use by mobile sources are identified.