Розробка заходів для підвищення рівня безпеки на ділянці вул. Городоцька у м. Львові з урахуванням виділеної смуги для громадського транспорту

Abstract

The thesis investigates the impact of public transport stops on the main indicators of road traffic, in particular, capacity, average speed, vehicle delays and safety level. The features of the functioning of stops depending on their location relative to intersections, the presence of stop pockets, dedicated lanes for public transport and the organization of passenger boarding and disembarking are considered. An analysis of scientific sources, statistical data and modeling results was conducted, which allowed us to determine the patterns of the impact of the infrastructure of stops on traffic flows. It was established that the irrational placement of stops can lead to a decrease in the capacity of the street and road network by 10-20%, an increase in private transport delays and an increase in the number of conflict situations [1–3]. Recommendations are proposed to improve the organization of public transport stops, aimed at increasing the efficiency of road traffic and the safety of all its participants. The results obtained can be used in the design of urban transport infrastructure and the formation of a policy for the sustainable development of urban mobility [4–5]. The object of the study is the regularities, functional relationships and statistical indicators that reflect the efficiency of public transport stops. The subject of the study is the process of operating public transport stops. The aim of the work is to increase road safety and improve the capacity of the street and road network by improving the functioning of public transport stops. The main objectives of the study: 1. Theoretically justify the choice of a model for calculating the capacity of stopping points, taking into account the specifics of organizing passenger transportation in urban conditions. 2. Based on the probabilistic characteristics of the traffic flow, determine: – the time of vacating the stopping point depending on the intensity of traffic in the far right lane and the type of vehicle; – the duration of passenger service at public transport stops; – the limits of the influence of public transport stops on the parameters of the traffic flow. 3. Determine the optimal conditions for organizing passenger transportation. 4. Develop recommendations for improving road safety. Peak morning and evening periods of weekdays were selected for a comprehensive analysis of the operation of public transport stops. A special form was developed to collect data, which records the geometric characteristics of the stop, the presence of a parking space, the location and distance to the traffic light, etc. It was found that in addition to the type of stop (with or without a parking space), an important factor is the features of its operation, in particular the possibility of maneuvering to overtake a vehicle moving in front. Within the framework of the study, four options for the location of stops were analyzed: near the carriageway without the possibility of maneuvering; in a parking space without maneuvering; in a parking space with maneuvering; near the carriageway with maneuvering. The studies showed that with an increase in the load factor of a stop by public transport, the most appropriate is to use stops in a parking space without the possibility of maneuvering. It was found that the maximum length of the vehicle queue increases linearly with an increase in the load level of the stop and has similar values for the four types of stops. The smallest average length of the maximum queue is observed at a load of 0.2 and is about 245 meters. Keywords – public transport, stop, capacity, delay, traffic, safety, modeling.

References. 1. Pylypenko, A. S., Lytvynenko, S. M. Otsinka efektyvnosti rozmishchennia zupynok hromadskoho transportu v umovakh intensyvnoho rukhu. – Visnyk Kharkivskoho natsionalnoho avtomobilno-dorozhnoho universytetu, 2021, №94, s. 49–53. 2. Melnychenko, I. P., Chalyi, O. P. Optymizatsiia parametriv zupynok hromadskoho transportu z urakhuvanniam intensyvnosti rukhu. — Naukovyi visnyk budivnytstva, 2023, №1, s. 78–84. 3. Lazarieva, O. I., Kovalenko, R. M. Vyznachennia zatrymok pry vzaiemodii transportnykh potokiv i marshrutnykh zasobiv na zupynkakh. — Visnyk Natsionalnoho transportnoho universytetu, 2021, №56, s. 64–71. 4. Kovalenko, S. I., Doroshenko, T. P. Analiz vplyvu zupynok hromadskoho transportu na seredniu zatrymku avtomobiliv u pototsi. – Naukovyi visnyk budivnytstva, 2023, №2, s. 49–55. 5. Melnyk, T. A. Otsiniuvannia nebezpeky dlia pishokhodiv u zoni zupynok miskoho transportu. – Visnyk Natsionalnoho universytetu «Lvivska politekhnika», 2023, №911, s. 29–35.The thesis project is dedicated to the urgent problem of increasing the level of road safety in conditions of intensive traffic load on the street and road network of large cities. The object of the study was the section of Horodotska Street in the city of Lviv - one of the key highways that provides a connection between the central part of the city and its western districts. This section is often subject to traffic jams, conflict situations between modes of transport, in particular public and individual, as well as an increased level of accidents [1-–2]. As part of the work, an analysis of the existing conditions for the organization of road traffic was conducted, the main factors affecting safety and capacity were identified. Special attention was paid to the study of the effectiveness of the implementation of a dedicated lane for public transport as one of the tools for improving transport services and reducing the risks of road accidents. Variants of technical and organizational optimization of road space with the use of coordinated traffic light regulation were proposed [3–5]. Simulation modeling of traffic flows in the PTV VISSIM software allowed us to quantitatively assess the impact of the proposed measures. In particular, the change in the speed indicators, queue length, number of stops at the prohibitory traffic light signal was analyzed, and the improvement of safe traffic conditions was also assessed. According to the modeling results, it was established that the introduction of a dedicated lane in combination with coordinated regulation contributes to reducing delays, improving traffic uniformity and reducing emergency situations on the site [2,5]. The developed recommendations have applied value and can be implemented within the framework of the program for the modernization of the transport infrastructure of the city of Lviv, as well as adapted for use in other sections of the city’s street and road network with similar traffic conditions. The object of the study is traffic light intersections located on the section of Horodotska Street between Shevchenko and Nalyvayka Streets. The subject of the study is to assess the efficiency of the traffic light regulation system on the specified site. The purpose of the work is: – performing field observations to collect key parameters of traffic flow; – building a simulation model of intersections to analyze and compare the results obtained; – optimizing the operation mode of traffic lights to increase the efficiency of traffic control.