Environmental Problems. – 2022. – Vol. 7, No. 2

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://ena.lpnu.ua/handle/ntb/59021

Науковий журнал

Засновник і видавець Національний університет «Львівська політехніка». Виходить двічі на рік з 2016 року.

Environmental Problems = Екологічні проблеми : [науковий журнал] / Lviv Polytechnic National University ; [editor-in-chief M. Malovanyy]. – Lviv : Lviv Politechnic Publishing House, 2022. – Volume 7, number 2. – P. 55–108. : ill.

Зміст


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Content (Vol. 7, No 2)


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End date: 2022

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    Contents
    (Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2022-03-01)
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    Use of Modified Adsorbents to Remove Pesticides From Wastewater
    (Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2022-03-01) Sabadash, Vira; Gumnitsky, Jaroslaw; Nowik-Zając, Anna; Zawierucha, Iwona; Krylova, Galyna; Lviv Polytechnic National University; Academy of Jan Dlugosz in Czestochów
    The migration of highly concentrated pesticide solutions in the soil has been experimentally studied. A mathematical model of the diffusion process in the soil environment has been developed. Based on the mathematical model, a system of equations for calculating the duration and intensity of the process depending on environmental parameters was obtained. The dependence of the process velocity on the direction of the diffusion front is determined, and the diffusion coefficients, kinetic coefficients of the diffusion process and the diffusion front velocity were calculated. Environmental aspects of pesticide migration were analysed. The diffusion coefficient of glyphosate in the model soil environment is established. Under the experimental conditions, the diffusion coefficient value was D = 1.755×10-12 m2/s. The study results of the process of migration of the component up the soil profile indicate the mechanism of molecular diffusion of glyphosate in the soil environment. The results of experimental research and the solution of the mathematical model were used to model the migration process in the Comsol Multiphysics environment. Analysis of theoretical and experimental results showed that the developed model could be used to calculate the dynamics of the spread of the pesticide front in the soil with sufficient accuracy.
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    Determination of the Pattern of Dust and Air Flow Movement in Vortex Mechanism
    (Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2022-03-01) Kaspruk, Volodymyr; Balaban, Stepan; Yarosh, Yaroslav; Ternopil Ivan Pulyj National Technical University; Poliskyy Natsionalnyy Universytet
    At present, the problem of air pollution is a serious environmental problem that negatively affects the living conditions and health of people. The composition of atmospheric air in large industrial and urban agglomerations depends on the type of production and the level of its technology. A promising method of improving dust collectors is the creation of dust collectors, where the principles of operation of several devices are implemented.
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    Obtaining Environmentally Friendly Encapsulated Mineral Fertilizers Using Encapsulated Modified Pet
    (Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2022-03-01) Grechanik, Ruslan; Lutek, Wojciech; Malovanyy, Myroslav; Nagursky, Oleg; Tymchuk, Ivan; Petrushka, Kateryna; Luchyt, Liubov; Storoshchuk, Uliana; Lviv Regional State Administration; Maria Curie Sklodowska University; Lviv Polytechnic National University
    The article deals with the study of the prospects for the use of mineral fertilizers encapsulated in PET for bioremediation. This increases efficiency, prevents environmental pollution from undigested plants with plant nutrients, and minimizes the number of application operations. In addition, it disposes of a significant portion of PET waste, the uncontrolled accumulation of which poses a threat to the environment. The basic technological schemes of preparation of a film-forming composition and encapsulation of fertilizers are offered. The kinetic parameters of the process of release of batteries of granulated ammonium nitrate encapsulated with a film based on modified PET are determined.
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    Histrory of International Partnership – Scientific Priorities and Educational Activity of Professor Tsitsino Turkadze
    (Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2022-03-01) Malovanyy, Myroslav; Turkadze, Tsitsino; Lviv Polytechnic National University; Akaki Tsereteli State University
    The article describes the main stages of professional work, scientific priorities, and educational activities of Professor Tsitsino Turkadze. The main results of joint research with a special international consortium for coordination of similar research on municipal solid waste management – determining the waste composition as function of economic, social, and seasonal changes; assessing future material and contaminant flows, considering different scenarios; quantifying and assessing the material resources and reserves from landfills. The article discusses the educational activities carried out in the high school to implementing modern research results in higher education programs and teaching.
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    Environmentally Safe Technology for Preparing Metal Oxide Anode
    (Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2022-03-01) Mykhaylenko, Volodymyr; Gil, Zinaida; Lukianov, Yevgeniy; Lukianova, Olha; Khinevich, Oleksandr; Antonov, Oleksiy; National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
    The article is devoted to the development of lowwaste environmentally safe technology for the production of combined metal oxide anodes. Low waste is realized due to recycling of nitrogen oxides and heavy metal compounds. It is established that the depth of purification of air from nitrogen oxides with water with neutralization of nitric acid with manganese carbonate exceeds 95 %. It was determined that the residual concentrations of heavy metals of lead and copper in treated wastewater do not exceed, respectively, 0.002 and 0.06 mg/m3. The resulting manganese nitrate and lead and copper hydroxides are returned to anode production.
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    State and Prospects of Solar Energy Development
    (Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2022-03-01) Petrushka, Kateryna; Hanuliak, Julianna; Petrushka, Ihor; Lviv Polytechnic National University
    The potential of solar energy in Ukraine is high enough for widespread implementation. The most promising method of obtaining electricity is a method of direct conversion of radiation into electricity using solar panels. The production of electricity using solar panels prevents air pollution compared to the production of electricity by thermal power plants and reduces greenhouse gas emissions. The conversion of solar energy into electricity is environmentally friendly compared to traditional energy sources, but at the same time, after their operation, they generate waste that is difficult to utilize.
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    Impact of Oil Contamination and Humates on the Growth of Poaceae
    (Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2022-03-01) Dzhura, Nataliia; Boretska, Iryna; Podan, Iryna; Ivan Franko National University of Lviv
    The article examines the impact of oil contamination and humates (Humifield Forte and Fulvital Plus) on the growth characteristics of Poaceae, such as corn (Zea mays L.) of Dostatok 300 MV hybrid, spring barley of the Karat variety and spring wheat of the Diana variety. Oil contamination has proved to inhibit plant growth and affect a decrease in the amount of photosynthetic pigments in the leaves, which can be explained by oil toxicity and the acquired hydrophobicity of soil. Soaking seeds in humate solution proved the effectiveness of their use for corn (Zea mays L.) of Dostatok 300 MV hybrid and spring barley of the Karat variety: the plants developed well and accumulated biomass actively. The use of humates for spring wheat of the Diana variety did not produce the desired effect: growth characteristics were lower, and the studied plants were weaker. An increase in the number of photosynthetic pigments, especially carotenoids, in the leaves of Poaceae plants indicates the feasibility of using humates to increase the stress resistance of plants in the early stages of growth and development in conditions of oil contamination of soil. A stimulating effect of the combination of oil contamination and Fulvital Plus on the growth of Poaceae was proved. Fulvital Plus is a growth stimulator and deficiency corrector of plant nutrition elements. The results obtained from the research prove the effectiveness of using humates for plants and can be used to increase the stress resistance and yield capacity of Poaceae in man-made conditions and to develop phytoremediation technologies for restoring oil-contaminated areas.
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    Formation of the Environmental Awareness: Creative Approaches to Eco Poster
    (Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2022-03-01) Pryshchenko, Svitlana; Antonovych, Yevgen; Senchuk, Tetyana; State University of Infrastructure and Technologies
    Our studies of the environmental protection and rational use of resources will greatly facilitate the eco culture development of society, especially the younger generation. The art imagery, colouristics, nonstandard interpretation, emotion, humour, and satire are needed in modern eco posters, and so it becomes more important to use in the advertising appeal as a visual-verbal model such creative technologies as metaphor, metonymy, allegory, associations, as well as hyperbole. Comparing the reflection of eco problems and their understanding by society, we can mention that the level of eco culture in Europe is much higher. This is usually thanks to the daily nurturing of the society in this direction with the help of outdoor, television, web advertisements, supporting various eco-initiatives by the Governments and private funds, and discipline of all population concerning waste utilization. The visual means and main stages of the historical development of eco posters in the context of culture are analyzed. Authors are considering the imagery and stylistics of the eco poster as public advertising. These materials are part of the course of academic lectures “Design of Advertising”, which can be used not only for designers but also ecologists, advertisers, culturologists, sociologists and philosophers.