Environmental Problems. – 2021. – Vol. 6, No. 1

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://ena.lpnu.ua/handle/ntb/57997

Науковий журнал

Засновник і видавець Національний університет «Львівська політехніка». Виходить двічі на рік з 2016 року.

Environmental Problems = Екологічні проблеми : [науковий журнал] / Lviv Polytechnic National University ; [editor-in-chief M. Malovanyy]. – Lviv : Lviv Politechnic Publishing House, 2021. – Volume 6, number 1. – 59 р. : ill.

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    Contents
    (Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2021-03-03)
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    Confusing problem of green architecture and false green architecture in mena region
    (Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2021-03-03) Norouzi, Nima; Nasiri, Zahra; Amirkabir university of technology; Islamic Azad university
    Achieving sustainable and environmentally friendly architecture is one of the main goals people have made to better life as the final model for their professional activities. Thus, moving towards greener architecture is considered the primary goal of the architecture of our time. The purpose of this study is to analyze architectural projects that have already been implemented in Middle Eastern countries in terms of their compatibility with the objective concepts of sustainability and the green standards they require. Therefore, for review and study, the purpose of this article is to discover the level of sustainability classification system such as LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) that can be effective in classifying current architectural projects. Studies show three concepts for analyzing contemporary architecture: 1. green, 2. false green, and 3. energy-seller. Besides, these studies have shown that some projects, although attempting to convey sustainable architecture concepts in appearance, are not sustainable. In recent stages, this paper intends to evaluate the effectiveness of the LEED classification system. In evaluating the LEED classification system, the results show that the system’s purpose is more for planning purposes than objective design goals and practical tools for analyzing the architectural design process. The analysis based on this study shows that it is necessary to use design-based patterns to move false green architecture to green architecture.
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    Optimum collection and concentration strategies of hydrobionts excess biomass in biological surface water purifying technologies
    (Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2021-03-03) Malovanyy, Myroslav; Tymchuk, Ivan; Balandiukh, Iurii; Soloviy, Christina; Zhuk, Volodymyr; Kopiy, Maria; Stokaliuk, Oleh; Petrushka, Kateryna; Lviv Polytechnic National University; Ukrainian National Forestry University; Lviv State University of Life Safety
    The analysis of perspective collection and concentration technologies of excess biomass in the technologies of wastewater and surface water biological treatment with the use of aquatic organisms has been carried out. The scheme of a life cycle of the aquatic organisms in wastewater and surface water treatment technologies has been proposed. The analysis of technological approaches for biomass collection of three types: aquatic plants and macroalgae; aquatic plants with a developed root system and microalgae of aquatic organisms has been carried out. A strategy for concentrating microalgae has been proposed. The high efficiency of the coagulation-flocculation gravitational thickening method of freshwater microalgae suspensions of the Microcystis aeruginosa species has been confirmed in laboratory conditions.
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    Apparatus-technological scheme of tin cans scrap recycling with obtaining technical products
    (Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2021-03-03) Dmitrikov, Valerii; Vakal, Serhii; Vakal, Viktoriia; Pliatsuk, Leonid; Poltava State Agrarian Academy; Scientific-Research Institute of Mineral Fertilizers and Pigments of Sumy State University
    The article is devoted to the study of reducing the technogenic load on the environment due to the integrated processing of household metal scrap. A waste-free, resource saving, and environmentally safe method is proposed for extracting technical products from tin cans scrap – iron (III) oxide, tin (II) complex, suitable for further use, a mixture of ammonium and sodium nitrates as fertilizer for agriculture. As a result of theoretical and experimental studies, the direction of cans scrap recycling was selected with an assessment of the parameters and factors affecting the reagent process of scrap disposal. To verify the proposed method for can scrap processing in experimental studies, the reagent method and physical modeling were used together. The processes of the reagent can scrap recycling were studied in a laboratory installation. The results of studies on the reagent can scrap processing with the individual component allocation in the form of their derivatives are presented. A block diagram and a hardware-technological scheme for scrap processing with the receipt of technical products have been developed. The possibility of processing other metal-containing wastes according to the proposed scheme is shown.
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    Efficiency of application of the microbiological method of waste water treatment to remove hexamethylendiamine
    (Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2021-03-03) Lytvynenko, Valeriia; Dychko, Alina; National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”
    Wastewater contaminated with hexamethylenediamine (HMD), which is discharged into natural reservoirs, causes damage and loss of hydrobionts, worsens the quality of water which becomes unsuitable for use. For wastewater treatment from HMD, the possibility of applying bacterial cultures- destructors which use the HMD as a nutrition source is considered.
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    Application of salicylic acid in growing beta vulgaris l. plants in the context of sustainable agricultural production
    (Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2021-03-03) Tsvilynyuk, Olga; Telehii, Liliia; Ivan Franko National University of Lviv; Lviv Politechnic National University
    The use of synthetic phytohormones is a promising technology for intensification and greening of agricultural production. Salicylic acid, among the others, is of particular interest. It causes anti-stress activity in plants in response to various adverse environmental factors in the laboratory. The analysis of the results of model field experiments showed that the use of salicylic acid for pre-sowing treatment of beet seeds varieties “Detroit” and “Egyptian flat” improves the habitus of mature plants, increases their water conservation capacity under adverse growth conditions (concentration 1∙10-4 M). In adverse climatic conditions (initially excess moisture, and during the period of active growth and accumulation of nutrients – drought), the mass of the roots of both varieties of beets doubled under the influence of salicylic acid at a concentration of 1∙10-5 M and increased 1.7 times at a concentration of 1∙10-4 M (Detroit beets). This indicates a variety-specific reaction of beet plants to different concentrations of salicylic acid used for pre-sowing seed treatment. The use of salicylic acid in the cultivation of beets can become a priority in the transition of agriculture to the principles of sustainable development in a changing climate.
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    To the problems of wastewater treatment from mineral pollutants with the use of microalgae
    (Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2021-03-03) Dyachok, Vasil; Mandryk, Solomiia; Huhlych, Serhiy; Lviv Polytechnic National University
    This article presents the results of experimental studies on the use of Chlorella microalgae for wastewater treatment from the most common mineral pollutants. The influence of the mineral pollutants, namely anions HSO , NO , H PO on the dynamics of wastewater treatment has been established. Analytical dependences of microalgae biomass growth rate depending on pollutant concentration HSO , NO and H PO are obtained. The values of biomass growth coefficients at the corresponding pollutant concentrations are determined. Based on the obtained experimental research results, mathematical models have been constructed that allow predicting the maximum values of mineral pollutants concentrations at which effective wastewater treatment by chlorophyllsynthesizing microalgae is possible. The technological scheme of wastewater treatment from mineral pollutants and the mechanism of the obtained application biomass are proposed.
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    Improvement of purification technology of the liquid waste from fermentation production
    (Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2021-03-03) Krusir, Galina; Sagdeeva, Olga; Tsykalo, Alfred; Vilhovska, Yuliia; Shpyrko, Tatyana; Odessa National Academy of Food Technologies
    One of the areas of waste disposal of fermentation industries is anaerobic fermentation and biogas production, which becomes increasingly attractive for researchers not only because of the global energy crisis but also the environmental one. Biogas production is based on methane fermentation fundamentally different from other types of fermentation, which creates certain difficulties in its implementation on a large scale. Therefore, the development of innovative energy and resource- saving technologies for the processing of liquid waste from fermentation industries is an urgent task for the development of the domestic food industry. The aim of the work is to develop, theoretically substantiate and experimentally test the technology of processing liquid waste from fermentation plants.
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    Advanced technologies for processing liquid waste of galurgical productions
    (Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2021-03-03) Mykhaylenko, Volodymyr; Yurchenko, Valentyna; Antonov, Oleksiy; Lukianova, Olha; Gil, Zinaida; A. Podgorny Institute for Mechanical Engineering Problems NAS of Ukraine; Kharkiv National Universityof Civil Engineering and Architecture
    The accumulation of highly mineralized waters and brines in the mining-industrial regions of Ukraine carry a threat of salt pollution of underground and surface water sources. Low-waste processing of these waters is prevented by iron compounds, hydrogen sulfide and sulfur-containing organic compounds. The process of accumulation of iron compounds in brines and groundwater in the presence of hydrogen sulfide has been studied. Comparative calculations of the thermodynamic potentials of the corresponding reactions have been carried out. The calculation results are confirmed by experiments on model solutions and brine of the Dombrovsky quarry. To remove iron compounds from brines and other highly mineralized waters, it is proposed to use electrolysis with inert anodes. It was found that 99.9 % of iron compounds pass into the precipitate of iron hydroxide (III). At the same time, the overwhelming amount of heavy metals also passes into the sediment.