Environmental Problems. – 2023. – Vol. 8, No. 3

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://ena.lpnu.ua/handle/ntb/61196

Науковий журнал

Засновник і видавець Національний університет «Львівська політехніка». Виходить двічі на рік з 2016 року.

Environmental Problems = Екологічні проблеми : [науковий журнал] / Lviv Polytechnic National University ; [editor-in-chief M. Malovanyy]. – Lviv : Lviv Politechnic Publishing House, 2023. – Volume 8, number 3. – P. 133–201 : ill.

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Content (Vol. 8, No 3)


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Start date: 2023

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    Contents
    (Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2023-02-28)
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    Monitoring the state of environmental safety using phytoindication methods to ensure sustainable development of a technologically loaded city Kremenchuk
    (Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2023-02-28) Kolesnik, Dmytro; Shmandiy, Volodymyr; Kharlamova, Olena; Bezdeneznych, Lilija; Rigas, Tetiana; Kremenchuk Mykhailo Ostohradskyi National University
    Ecological aspects of sustainable development have recently attracted the attention of scientists. The article is devoted to the control of ecological safety based on the study of the state of plantations in the city of Kremenchuk using the method of fluctuating leaf asymmetry as an indicator. The research was conducted in recreational, residential, transport and industrial areas. It was found that the condition of green areasin the city of Kremenchuk is heterogeneous and depends on the level of anthropogenic pressure. Plants growing near traffic routes and in industrial areas are much weaker than those growing in recreational areas.. The main indicator of plant condition in the study was the fluctuating asymmetry of the leaf blade of pyramidal poplar and hanging birch. It was found that the integral values of this indicator differ in different parts of the city with different intensities of anthropogenic impact, with the maximum values observed in industrial and traffic zones where there is an intense impact of pollutants. The results of the study confirm the unfavourable ecological condition of certain areas of the technologically loaded city of Kremenchuk, and also indicate the importance of environmental monitoring of pollution and development of measures to improve the condition of green areas. The results of the study can be used to improve the methodology and theory of ecological safety and urban environmental protection in order to preserve and restore plant populations in cities.
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    Study of the process of adsorption of petroleum products methods of multivariate cluster analysis
    (Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2023-02-28) Sabadash, Vira; Konovalov, Oleh; Nowik-Zajaç, Anna; Lviv Polytechnic National University; Jan Dlugosz University in Czestochowa
    The article is devoted to studying the process of adsorption of oil products using multivariate cluster analysis methods. The study solves the problem of environmental pollution with petroleum substances and the search for effective cleaning methods. The work aims to study the prospects of using synthetic zeolites to effectively purify industrial wastewater from oil products. The scientific novelty of the study is the study of the potential of synthetic zeolites as adsorbents to ensure an efficient and environmentally friendly process of cleaning industrial wastewater from petroleum products. The adsorption research methodology included selecting and preparing eight types of adsorbents, determining temperature and concentration range, measuring adsorption capacity, data processing and analysis of results. In the experimental study, the photometric method was used, one of the most accurate and widely used methods for measuring the adsorption of petroleum products. The study results indicate some materials potential for the effective adsorption of petroleum products. The study provides grounds for recommendations regarding the optimal conditions for the adsorption process and the selection of materials for further research and development. The application of multivariate cluster analysis in the study of the adsorption process of oil products opens up new opportunities for solving environmental pollution problems and developing effective technologies for cleaning the environment. The outcomes of this study are anticipated to significantly benefit industries dealing with petroleum product separation and pollution control. By offering a more comprehensive understanding of the adsorption process, this research opens avenues for developing tailored adsorption strategies for specific applications.
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    Modeling and forecasting of the state of the environment in the waste management and management system consumption of Kremenchuk urban territorial community in Wartim
    (Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2023-02-28) Titova, Anna; Kharlamova, Olena; Shmandiy, Volodymyr; Bezdeneznych, Lilija; Rigas, Tetyana; Kremenchuk Mykhailo Ostrohradsky National University
    We consider waste management and management as an area of ​​ecological safety. As a result of the study, the ecological aspects of this branch of activity were analyzed on the example of the operation of the operating MSW landfill in the city of Kremenchuk. The prospective direction of the field of waste management in the region, as well as the state of its financing, are taken into account. Such dangerous factors in the operation of the municipal landfill for the environment as: pollution of groundwater and open dumps of the landfill have been identified. The chemical composition of the leachate formed in the body of the landfill was evaluated and the concentrations of pollutants were compared with the permissible values ​​in wastewater discharged to the city sewer. Priority measures for landfill reclamation were proposed. We analyzed solid household waste landfills from the point of view of resource-energy saving, as an alternative source of energy thanks to the use of generated biogas, as well as extracted secondary resources.
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    Identification of invasive alien species and assessment of ecological factors in the pool Malebo in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
    (Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2023-02-28) Mukendi, Michael Tshibangu; Mbale, Henri Kunzi; Menga, Pisco Munkolo; Bongo, Gédéon Ngiala; Lukoki, Félicien Luyeye; University of Kinshasa
    The aim of this study was to identify invasive aquatic species and assess ecological factors in 5 islands, namely Mipongo, Japon, Kabongo, Kingabwa and Molondo.of the Pool Malebo. A floristic inventory was conducted around these sites and physico-chemical characteristics were measured in each island between 8:00am and 3:00pm using an appropriate electronic probe. The floristic affinity between sites was determined by cluster analysis using MVSP software version 4.03, after highlighting the Jaccard's coefficient based on the presence/absence of species in the different collection sites. The comparison between the sites was carried out using the ANOVA test with SPSS 25 software for physico-chemical parameters. The findings show that 24 species were identified as invasive out of which, six were dominant, namely Eichhornia crassipes, Echinocloa pyramidalis, Pistia stratiotes, Leersia hexandra, Ludwigia abissinega, and Ludwigia sp. No significant differences were observed for the temperature (F=0.42 and p=0.66), conductivity (F=1.55 and p=0.25) and turbidity (F=2.28 and p=0.14) for the three sites. While the pH (F=4.98; p=0.026; LSD=0.361), dissolved oxygen (F=12; p=0.001; LSD=3.65) and salinity (F=4.06; p= 0.04; LSD= 1.69) showed significant variation in the three sites. The formation of vegetation groups around these islands in the Pool Malebo would also be justified by the influence of these parameters. The spread of invasive alien species on the surface of the river needs to draw more attention to scientists, policy makers and government in order to find a way to a good management of these species.
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    Assessment of heavy metals in sediments and associated ecological risks in Ikwu river, Umuahia, Nigeria
    (Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2023-02-28) Anyanwu, Emeka Donald; Davies, Chris Ibienebo; Adetunji, Onyinyechi Gladys; Michael Okpara University of Agriculture; University of Port Harcourt
    Sediments can act as pollutant sink as well as source of secondary contamination in aquatic ecosystems. The pollution characteristics of eight heavy metals in the sediments of Ikwu River, Umuahia were investigated using eight assessment indices. The study was carried out between January and June 2022 in three stations. Results showed that cadmium exceeded permissible limit, copper exceeded limit only in February 2022 while others were within limits. The values in Stations 2 and 3 were slightly higher, attributed to localized anthropogenic influence; though other human activities in the watershed especially agriculture were not ruled out in the area. Different levels of heavy metal pollution were observed in the sediments as indicated by the indices but Cd was the principal pollutant. The indices indicated the following - Contamination Factor: Zn and Cu (moderate) and Cd (very high), Degree of Contamination (very high), Ecological Risk: Cd (high) and Cu (considerable), Potential Ecological Risk (high), Pollution Load Index (>1), Enrichment Factor: Zn and Cu (moderate) and Cd (extremely high), Geo-accumulation Index: Cd (very highly polluted) and Quantification of Contamination: Cd and Cu (anthropogenic). The sediments were polluted with toxic metals that may be detrimental to humans and aquatic biota.
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    International Carpathian School in Kosiv: experience of implementation and perspectives of development
    (Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2023-02-28) Mykhaylenko, Valeriy; Blyzniuk, Mykola; Denafas, Gintaras; Sholokhova, Anastasiia; Kyiv National Taras Shevchenko University; Poltava National Pedagogical University named after V.G. Korolenko; Kaunas University of Technology
    The International Carpathian School is an educational project aimed at disseminating the Sustainable Development concept among local communities in Ukrainian Carpathians. Currently, the School combines the educational resources of 30 universities, including six foreign ones from the Baltic region and Georgia. The School curricula highlight issues of climate change, biodiversity conservation, municipal waste management and tourism business. Partner universities of the Baltic Sea Region are sharing their best experience in overcoming their post-Soviet heritage. In the midst of a pandemic disaster and large-scale war, the School focuses on informal and vocational education in hybrid online and in-person format within the framework of the "third" mission of universities. The mixed form of education provides a deeper understanding of the Sustainable Development Goals of Ukraine-2030 and the achievement of goals defined by Goal 4 "Quality education" and Goal 11 "Sustainable development of cities and communities". The combination of formal, informal and vocational education is on the agenda of the development of the Carpathian region and should be strengthened in the next program activities of the School. The relevance of educational activities and professional development of educators and local authorities is one of the key tasks that have been announced by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine as one of the radical Ukrainian reforms. In view of this, the follow-up School activities are planned for training educators and local government specialists in the restoration of war-ravaged cities and infrastructure facilities, the revival of polluted lands, and the introduction of energy-saving and resource-saving technologies based on the circular economy.
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    Condition and quality of the air of the Chernivtsi region
    (Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2023-02-28) Chugai, Angelina; Nedostrelov, Maksym; Bratov, Kostiantyn; Odessa State Environmental University
    The question of rating of the condition of the air in the regions of Ukraine is very relevant. An important component is the choice of the optimal rating method. The purpose of the work is to review methodological approaches to the rating of the condition of atmospheric air (on the example of the city of Chernivtsi). The results of the calculation of CAPI and I5 showed that the maximum was noted in 2017 due to abnormally high concentrations of phenol, the minimum was in 2018. The value of I5 is fully correlated with the value of CAPI, which means the expediency of using I5 in particular for rating. According to the value of I5, the quality of the air is characterized by the level of "slightly polluted". Nitrogen dioxide, hydrogen fluoride and formaldehyde were included in the "three" priority pollutants. The value of In changes similarly to CAPI. In comparative analysis for individual regions, it can be used as an alternative indicator. The dynamics of changes in the index AQI for individual pollutants are similar to their time course. At index values of 100%, the air quality is characterized as "poor", although this corresponds to the level of the MRS. According to indicators of sustainable development in the "Ecological systems" category, a significant deterioration of circumstances is noted, for the "Environmental load" category - a significant improvement in circumstances is noted. The condition of the air underwent positive changes until 2018. Since 2019, indicators have deteriorated.