Архітектура
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Item Формування архітектури християнських духовно-гуманітарних мультиосвітніх центрів в Україні(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2018-02-26) Стоцько, Р. З.; Stotsko, R.; Національний університет «Львівська політехніка»; Lviv Polytechnic National UniversityВисвітлено і проаналізовано історичні аспекти, сучасний стан та перспективи розвитку архітектури християнських духовно-гуманітарнихосвітніхзакладів в Україні, виокремлено основні фактори, які найбільше впливають на формування духовного освітнього закладу нового типу – духовно-гуманітарного мультиосвітнього центру. Сформульовано головні принципи та концепцію, на якихоснована архітектурно-планувальна організація духовно-гуманітарного мультиосвітнього центру, надано конкретні рекомендації щодо проектування духовно-гуманітарнихмультиосвітніхцентрів в УкраїніItem Особливості архітектури будівель Києво-Могилянської академії у період XVII–XX ст.(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2016) Стоцько, Р. З.; Національний університет “Львівська політехніка”Висвітлено і проаналізовано особливості архітектури комплексу будівель Києво- Могилянської академії періоду XVII–XX ст. у контексті становлення і розвитку духовно- гуманітарної освіти в Україні та виокремлено основні чинники, які найбільше вплинули на формування архітектури духовних, навчальних, житлових, адміністративних і господарських будівель академії. The article highlights and analyzes the architectural peculiarities of the building complex of the National University of “Kyiv-Mohyla Academy” in the XVII–XX century in the context of the formation and development of theological and humanitarian education in Ukraine. It outlines the key factors that have the most profound influence on the architectural formation of the theological, educational, residential, administrative and household buildings of the academy. The historical and architectural building complex of the National University of “Kyiv-Mohyla Academy” emerged as a coherent ensemble in the XVI–XIX c. and together with the Ostroh Academy represented the most ancient and famous higher theological and humanitarian educational institutions in the Eastern Europe. Throughout its long history, the Ukrainian country did not have a more significant educational establishment, which would have a similar profound influence on the development of Ukrainian spirituality, science and culture. For centuries, the National University of “Kyiv-Mohyla Academy” has been an important factor of the consciousness formation of the Ukrainian nation and a creator of the national inspiration in the fight for the parental faith and the independent state. The architectural and space-planning organization of the building complex of the National University of “Kyiv-Mohyla Academy” depicts the influence of the range of factors. The first one is the spiritual factor. The academy as a theological and educational formation arose on the walls of the Fraternal Monastery and its dominant feature was the Epiphany Cathedral surrounded by the complex of spiritual, educational and household buildings. The second factor can be defined as educational and functional one. This particular factor was major in terms of locating educational and administrative buildings, residential campuses, kitchens, dining room and household buildings and shaped their planning and stylistic peculiarities. The next factor is city-planning, because the building complex of the National University of “Kyiv-Mohyla Academy” is situated in the center of Kyiv and forms the square (known today as the Contract Square). It constitutes the most important feature of the urban space. The natural and climatic factor is the fourth factor, which was involved into the architectural formation of the “Kyiv-Mohyla Academy” buildings (roof shapes, wall thickness, window sizes, etc.). The fifth factor, which is called constructive, influenced the usage of such local building materials as stone, wood and rooftops, as well as the implementation of the construction schemes of temples, educational campuses, residential and civil buildings, which were traditional for Kyiv and its suburbs. The sixth factor is the factor of artistic and stylistic decoration, which defined the space-planning organization and stylization of the architectural image of the temple, educational, administrative, residential and household buildings of the National University of “Kyiv-Mohyla Academy”. During the years of reconstruction and reorganization of the FraternalMonastery buildings and later on the “Kyiv-Mohyla Academy” the above mentioned factors outlined the architectural and space-planning organization, as well as the artistic stylization of the buildings of the analyzed theological and humanitarian educational complex. The research of the building complex architecture witnessed in the XVII–XX centuries allows referring the proclaimed higher educational institution to the category of theological and humanitarian establishments. The peculiarities of the learning process and the functionality of the academy buildings reveal the inextricable connection of the theological and humanitarian education and the study of natural science. The combination of theological and material knowledge forms the solid educational background and becomes a brilliant starting point for the future professional life of the “Kyiv-Mohyla Academy” graduates, who are true Christians and patriots of their land.Item Архітектурні та історичні особливості Духовно-просвітницького центру УГКЦ в с. Скнилів(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2016) Стоцько, Р. З.; Національний університет “Львівська політехніка”Висвітлено і проаналізовано історичні аспекти, сучасний стан та перспективи розвитку архітектури комплексу будівель Духовно-просвітницького центру Української Греко-Католицької Церкви ім. Митрополита Андрея Шептицького в с. Скнилів Пустомитівського району Львівської області; подано пропозиції щодо архітектурно- планувальної організації цього центру в контексті інтеграції духовної освіти у навчальні програми Скнилівської сільської школи та дитсадка. The article highlights and analyzes the historical aspects, the current state and the perspectives for development of the architectural building complex of the Theological Educational Center of the Greek Catholic Church named after Metropolitan Andrey Sheptytskyi in Sknyliv. It gives suggestions concerning the architectural and planning organization of the above mentioned Center within the framework of integrating theological education with secular educational institutions of the village. During the period of social upheaval, it is particularly important to restore the spiritual core of our nation by creating theological and educational centers that would act as structures integrating theological and secular education. One of such centers named after Metropolitan Andrey Sheptytskyi appeared in Sknyliv, Pustomyty district, Lviv region, on the lands that were bought by the Metropolitan in early XX c. for establishing monasteries and attached schools. The architectural component of this socially significant project requires conducting profound research and giving suggestions regarding space organization, building design and stylistic decisions for the whole theological and educational complex. In the light of new ideas of economic, political and social life decentralization, the Ukrainian society pays more and more attention to the development of small towns and villages. Sknyliv is one of such unique settlements with rich spiritual history, which should be investigated in different aspects. In the year of 150th anniversary of birth of a great spiritual leader of Halychyna Metropolitan Andrey Sheptytskyi, the current article raises for the first time the question of restoring Theological Educational Center founded by the Metropolitan before the World War II. It investigates the history and architecture of buildings of the mentioned center and highlights the perspectives for development of architectural and planning organization of the spiritual, educational and cultural center of Sknyliv village. The rich and dramatic history of the Sknyliv village, as well as the events unfolding in different time and space, which are connected with the figure of the Metropolitan Andrey Sheptytskyi and his aspiration to develop education on the religious grounds encourage us to conduct the scientific research and implement the conception of the united theological and humanitarian education by means of creating the theological and educational center in the Sknyliv village and designing the architecture of the center bearing in mind the historical aspects, the modern theological and educational needs of the community and the project vision of the village development and the spiritual life of its citizens. The research of the historic events, the activity of the proclaimed public figures, the spiritual and social life of Sknyliv and its architecture has shown that the architectural and space-planning design and the artistic and stylistic solutions of the buildings, constructions and spaces of the theological and educational center depend on multiple factors, the most important among which are the following: spiritual and historic factor, cityplanning factor, functional factor, nature-climatic factor, national architectural and building traditions factor and economic factor. Taking into account the influence of the above mentioned factors on the architecture of the theological and educational center of the Sknyliv village, it is recommended to consider the following conditions in the process of designing the buildings, constructions and spaces of the center: the mandatory list of the existing and planned objects, the required set of accommodations therein, the provision of the necessary facilities on site, the dominant feature of which should be the monument of the Metropolitan Andrey with the cobweb of alleys, the design of recreation zones and installation of small architectural forms, the arrangement of transport entrances and parking lots, and the general stylistic combination of the existing objects with those that are planned.