Вісники та науково-технічні збірники, журнали
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Item Statistical assessment of the dynamics of changes in the PM10 and PM2.5 level in the air of urbanized areas(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2023-02-28) Sabadash, Vira; Lopushansky, Oleksiy; Lysko, Vitaliy; Lviv Polytechnic National UniversityThis article addresses the issue of atmospheric pollution caused by solid particles in urban environments. The presence of PM10 and PM2,5 particles in the air of major cities and industrial areas worldwide has been examined. An evaluation of atmospheric pollution levels with PM10 and PM2,5 particles in Kostopil, considering current air quality standards in Ukraine and the European Union, has been conducted. The authors employed the gravimetric method to measure the levels of suspended dust particles (PM10 and PM2,5) in Kostopil from autumn 2022 to winter 2023. The study revealed an excessive amount of fine dust particles in the city's air, exceeding the maximum permissible values outlined in regulatory laws by 2.1-2.7 times. Furthermore, the monitoring of changes in suspended dust particle levels showed peak values of PM10 = 1.15 mg/m³ in January and PM2,5 = 0.96 mg/m³ in December. The results of the statistical analysis of particle level distribution in Kostopil's urban areas indicated the statistical significance of certain distribution parameters, specifically SW-W and D for PM10 and PM2,5 particle classes.Item Study of the process of adsorption of petroleum products methods of multivariate cluster analysis(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2023-02-28) Sabadash, Vira; Konovalov, Oleh; Nowik-Zajaç, Anna; Lviv Polytechnic National University; Jan Dlugosz University in CzestochowaThe article is devoted to studying the process of adsorption of oil products using multivariate cluster analysis methods. The study solves the problem of environmental pollution with petroleum substances and the search for effective cleaning methods. The work aims to study the prospects of using synthetic zeolites to effectively purify industrial wastewater from oil products. The scientific novelty of the study is the study of the potential of synthetic zeolites as adsorbents to ensure an efficient and environmentally friendly process of cleaning industrial wastewater from petroleum products. The adsorption research methodology included selecting and preparing eight types of adsorbents, determining temperature and concentration range, measuring adsorption capacity, data processing and analysis of results. In the experimental study, the photometric method was used, one of the most accurate and widely used methods for measuring the adsorption of petroleum products. The study results indicate some materials potential for the effective adsorption of petroleum products. The study provides grounds for recommendations regarding the optimal conditions for the adsorption process and the selection of materials for further research and development. The application of multivariate cluster analysis in the study of the adsorption process of oil products opens up new opportunities for solving environmental pollution problems and developing effective technologies for cleaning the environment. The outcomes of this study are anticipated to significantly benefit industries dealing with petroleum product separation and pollution control. By offering a more comprehensive understanding of the adsorption process, this research opens avenues for developing tailored adsorption strategies for specific applications.Item Dynamics of carbon dioxide adsorption by carbon nanotubes(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2023-02-28) Sabadash, Vira; Gumnitsky, Jaroslaw; Lopushansky, Oleksiy; Matsuska, Oksana; Nowik-Zając, Anna; Lviv Polytechnic National University; Lviv National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies named after S. Z. Gzhytskyi; Jan Dlugosz University in CzestochowaThis article is devoted to the study of the carbon dioxide adsorption process. The relevance of using carbon nanotubes for adsorbing carbon dioxide from industrial emissions is that carbon nanotubes have a high surface area and can effectively interact with carbon dioxide molecules. In addition, they have high mechanical strength and chemical resistance, which makes them attractive for industrial use. Carbon nanotubes have the potential to reduce carbon dioxide emissions and reduce the negative impact on the environment. Using carbon nanotubes in the industry can help reduce greenhouse gas emissions and the environmental impact of burning fossil fuels. Purpose. The work aimed to study the prospects of using carbon nanomaterials to purify industrial emissions from carbon dioxide in a fluidized state. The scientific novelty of the topic "Dynamics of carbon dioxide adsorption by carbon nanotubes" is the study of the influence of temperature and gas velocity on the initial curves of CO2 adsorption dynamics in the fluidized state.Item Static regulations of urea (carbamide) adsorption by wet and dried peat(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2023-02-28) Matsuska, Oksana; Sukhorska, Olga; Gumnitsky, Jaroslaw; Sabadash, Vira; Lviv Polytechnic National UniversityThe possibility and effectiveness of using a natural sorbent – peat from the Vereshchytsia-Yanivske deposit for treating agricultural wastewater with a high urea content – has been studied. The humidity and moisture content of the upland and lowland types of peat from this peatland were determined. Comparing these indicators made it possible to establish that the lowland peat has a significantly higher humidity and moisture content. The adsorption capacities of wet and dried types of peat for urea were studied and compared. The changes in urea concentration in aqueous solutions of the studied peat samples are presented by the corresponding curves. It was established that the lowland peat (dried samples) has higher sorption properties to urea when absorbed from the water environment than the upland type. In the adsorption of non-dried peat, curves were obtained, which show a gradual decrease in the concentration of urea in the solution, indicating the gradual filling of the active centres of peat with urea molecules. For pre-dried peat, rapid absorption of this pollutant is observed at the initial moments (approximately up to 10 minutes). The calculated maximum absorption capacities of dried peat species for urea show that the maximum absorption capacity of dry lowland peat is significantly higher than that of dry upland peat.Item Dynamics of Adsorption of Copper Ions in Fixed-Bed Column and Mathematical Interpretation of the First Stage of the Process(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2022-03-16) Gumnitsky, Jaroslaw; Sabadash, Vira; Matsuska, Oksana; Lyuta, Oksana; Hyvlud, Anna; Venger, Lubov; Lviv National Polytechnic University; Gzhytskyi National University of Veterinary Medicine and BiotechnologiesЕкспериментально досліджено динаміку процесу адсорбції у нерухомому шарі адсорбенту на прикладі системи природний цеоліт – водний розчин солі купруму низьких концентрацій, які характерні для процесів очищення стічних вод від токсичних забруднень. Побудовано вихідні криві процесу адсорбції для висоти шару сорбенту 5 та 7см. Рівновагу таких процесів можна описати лінійним рівнянням Генрі. Процес адсорбції у шарі складається з двох стадій, які розглянуто у дослідженні. Перша стадія полягає у формуванні фронту концентрацій, друга – у переміщенні фронту. Сума часу першої та другої стадій становлять загальний час адсорбції, який визначається до проскоку. Перша стадія адсорбції математично сформульована диференціальним рівнянням молекулярної дифузії з граничною умовою першого роду. Друга стадія доповнена балансовим рівнянням, що враховує не лише зміну концентрації у часі, але і по вертикальній координаті та визначає час переміщення фронту концентрацій до проскоку. Розроблено математичну модель процесу адсорбції у нерухомому шарі сорбенту. Порівняно експериментальні дані та теоретичні розрахунки. Результати статистичного розрахунку результатів досліджень показали задовільну збіжність експериментальних та теоретичних даних.Item Physical and Mathematical Models of Target Component Extraction from Rectlinear Capillaries(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2022-03-16) Gumnitsky, Jaroslav; Venger, Lubov; Sabadash, Vira; Symak, Dmytro; Hyvlud, Anna; Gnativ, Zoriana; Lviv Polytechnic National UniversityДосліджено екстрагування твердого компонента з прямолінійного капіляра. Підтверджено наявність двох зон екстрагування: конвективної та молекулярно-дифузійної. Досліджено вплив вакуумування системи на швидкість екстрагування. Показано збільшення зони конвекції під час вакуумування внаслідок виникнення бульбашок пароподібної фази. Визначено коефіцієнти масовіддачі для конвективної зони. Наведено математичну модель молекулярно-дифузійної стадії з врахуванням нелінійної зміни концентрації компонента у рідині внаслідок переміщення границі екстрагування. Визначено коефіцієнти молекулярної дифузії у капілярі.Item Statics of adsorption of anionic surfactants(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2022-03-01) Sabadash, Vira; Konovalov, Oleh; Nowik-Zając, Anna; Lviv Polytechnic National University; Academy of Jan Dlugosz in CzestochowThe paper presents the results of the study of the statics of adsorption of surface-active substances from model solutions by activated carbon and zeolite. The results of photometric determination of the concentration of anionic surfactants before and after adsorption are presented. The results of adsorption capacity calculations are presented. The experimental results using the program (Langmuir 1.03) were numerically calculated. Sorption isotherms of sodium dodecyl sulfate indicate the mechanism of monomolecular physical adsorption. A good convergence of experimental data and theoretical calculations were established, the coefficient of determination R2>0.9, the value of the Chebyshev criterion 9·10-4... 2·10-4, and the root mean square deviation equal to 0 were established.Item Use of Modified Adsorbents to Remove Pesticides From Wastewater(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2022-03-01) Sabadash, Vira; Gumnitsky, Jaroslaw; Nowik-Zając, Anna; Zawierucha, Iwona; Krylova, Galyna; Lviv Polytechnic National University; Academy of Jan Dlugosz in CzestochówThe migration of highly concentrated pesticide solutions in the soil has been experimentally studied. A mathematical model of the diffusion process in the soil environment has been developed. Based on the mathematical model, a system of equations for calculating the duration and intensity of the process depending on environmental parameters was obtained. The dependence of the process velocity on the direction of the diffusion front is determined, and the diffusion coefficients, kinetic coefficients of the diffusion process and the diffusion front velocity were calculated. Environmental aspects of pesticide migration were analysed. The diffusion coefficient of glyphosate in the model soil environment is established. Under the experimental conditions, the diffusion coefficient value was D = 1.755×10-12 m2/s. The study results of the process of migration of the component up the soil profile indicate the mechanism of molecular diffusion of glyphosate in the soil environment. The results of experimental research and the solution of the mathematical model were used to model the migration process in the Comsol Multiphysics environment. Analysis of theoretical and experimental results showed that the developed model could be used to calculate the dynamics of the spread of the pesticide front in the soil with sufficient accuracy.Item Extraneous diffusion kinetics of ammonium ions adsorption in the presence of other ions(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2022-06-01) Sabadash, Vira; Gumnitsky, Jaroslaw; Petrus, Roman; Lviv Polytechnic National University; Pzeszów University of TechnologyThe article presents the results of the study of the kinetics of ions adsorption from multi-component mixtures. The isotherms of sorption of ammonium nitrogen in the presence of phosphates indicate a decrease in the exchange capacity of zeolite due to its competition for active absorption centres. This study was carried out with two ions of inorganic nature. In the presence of the third organic component in the solution (protein substance – albumin), the sorption capacity of zeolite decreases even more in comparison with ammonium ions. It was found that in the presence of phosphates, the equilibrium capacity of zeolite towards ammonium decreases by about 30 %; in the three-component system the reduction reaches about 70 %.