Вісники та науково-технічні збірники, журнали
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Item Джерельна база історії професійних спілок Східної Галичини до початку та в роки Першої світової війни(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2014) Берест, І. Р.Проаналізовано стан розвитку джерельної бази історії профспілок та профспілкового руху та в роки Першої світової війни, вказано на нові, досі не відому документи з цієї тематики, окреслно перспективи наукового дослідження. Research topic of the trade union movement in Eastern Galicia before and during the First World War biennium is very interesting and the aim of this study is the demonstration of sources, which then form the basis of a monumental work. The main group of sources are materials that are encountered in the formation and activities of trade unions (trade union policy documents, representations of strike committees, leaders of trade union organizations). The peculiarity of these sources is that they reflect the spirit of the age and diversity of current, especially for workers and trade unions issues. The importance of a multifaceted study of the history of the trade union movement in Ukraine is connected, first, with a relatively narrow range of processed sources. Secondly, the theme of the trade union movement is a versatile and multi-faceted and many of its aspects require deeper and more thorough study. Thirdly, studied topic provides rich material for scientific study of other key issues of history of Eastern Galicia, including: management in the province, economic and social development, the rise of Ukrainian national movement and so on. Fourth, in terms of building democratic institutions of independent Ukrainian state analysis and accumulation of historical experience in the area of development of trade-union movement have both especially scientific and the practical value applied. The basis of the study was a source base set of published documents and records (including electronic media) that reflect the historical background and direct processes for the origin, formation and development of the trade union movement in Eastern Galicia before and during the First World War. To understand the problem, first of all, we should distinguish the sources that have arisen in the formation and activities of trade union organizations - policy documents unions, their correspondence and information analysis, representations of strike committees, leaders of trade union organizations. An important group of historical sources are published laws and other national and regional regulations that define the legal framework of society, the functioning of trade unions and their socio-political and socio-economic priorities. Important role also belongs to the electoral law, including its evolution from the class and two-stage electoral system – to the common electoral law. In the separate group of sources it is possible to select the of that time press, primarily working and trade-union, the publication of which is significantly more active at the end of 60th – at the beginning of 70th of the XIX century. At the turn of the ХІХ – ХХ centuries, in connection with radicalization of social life, appears specialized press. If earlier the prob lems of western Ukrainian workers lighted up next to questions importance questions for farmers (mainly) middle class and other segments of the population of that time, the emergence of such publications, like “Pratcia” or “Robitnykh” showed the increasing influence of the workers in the social and political processes. Separate groups of sources are more or less informative saturated, but together they provide the necessary factual basis for a holistic, objective study of the genesis of the trade union movement in Eastern Galicia in the ХІХ - early ХХ centuries. In general, the study of the history of the trade union movement in Eastern Galicia before and during the First World War biennium is extremely important and necessary in terms of studying the history of trade unions in the Ukrainian lands, which are not always adequately and properly covered and, in fact, is still largely unknown. In this context particular importance is the study of assumptions, features and processes that affect the origin, formation and development of the trade union movement in estern Ukraine during the Austrian government.Item Позиція провідних польських партій Російського імперії напередодні та на початку Першої світової війни(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2014) Морушко, О. О.; Матієшин, Л. М.Висвітлено позицію провідних польських партій Російської імперії та на початку Першої cвітової війни. Викрито та проаналізовано основні причини їх процарських позиції. The investigation of the various aspects and preconditions targeting influential Polish political parties on different political camps before the First World War, has a great interest for researchers of modern Polish history. The activities of Polish forces, which functioned on the territory of the Russian Empire at that time, had a significant impact on the historical development. From the first days of the war the absolute majority of the Polish right parties of the Kingdom of Poland took a pronounced attitude supporting the tsarism. The activity of the influential Polish People’s Democratic Party, known by shortened name – endeky, became the particularly striking example of this policy. The book of a leader of this party R. Dmowski –“Germany, Russia and the Polish question” became the ideological substantiation of the endeky’s politics. The Party of real politicks shared the same ideas and similar position as the endeky did. This party was created in 1904. The party united in its ranks the Polish land barons, the big bourgeoisie, the intelligentsia associated with it and higher Catholic clergy. After the revolution of 1905 – 1907, the Party of real politicks actively collaborated with endeky. The same concept was also taken by the two types of progressivities: Progressive Party and the Polish progressive association. Endeky and their leader R. Dmowski as the most important target of their activity decided to defeat Germany, regardless of the outcome of the war for Poland. The Polish question for endeky at the beginning of the war had secondary importance. That is why, endeky and their leader R. Dmowski at the beginning of the war considered it as domestic issue of tsarist Russia. Thus, we can conclude that the most of the Polish nobility and wealthy citizens indirectly through parties, which expressed their interests – endekiv and realists, actively supported the idea of unification of all Polish lands within Tsarist Russia under the tsarist authorities at the beginning of the First World War.