Implementation of the sludge biotic index for control and optimization of the biological treatment process

Abstract

The article examines the methodology for determining the Sludge Biotic Index (SBI) to assess the quality of activated sludge at treatment plants. The Sludge Biotic Index is a tool for quantitatively evaluating the functionality of sludge, allowing for monitoring and detection of critical conditions that may affect the quality of wastewater treatment. The determination of SBI is based on the analysis of the microfauna of activated sludge, where organisms are grouped into positive and negative key groups depending on their impact on the treatment process. The methodology allows for comparisons between different treatment facilities and identifying exceedances of discharge limits. Experimental studies were conducted at wastewater treatment facilities in Kharkiv. Samples of sludge were collected over several months, allowing for the investigation of changes in sludge quality over time. It was established that using the SBI allows for determining the degree of stability of activated sludge, as well as identifying adverse phenomena such as sludge bulking, which can lead to a decrease in treatment efficiency. The results of the studies confirm that the application of the SBI contributes to improving control and optimizing the biological water treatment process, which is especially important for the preservation of natural water resources. The obtained data indicate the high effectiveness of using the biotic index for monitoring the condition of activated sludge, allowing timely measures to be taken to improve wastewater treatment quality. This confirms the feasibility of implementing European methodologies in the management practices of treatment facilities in Ukraine.