“PESCO 4”: Роль амбіцій держав-членів у реалізації оборонних і безпекових проєктів Європейського Союзу
| dc.citation.epage | 13 | |
| dc.citation.issue | 1 | |
| dc.citation.journalTitle | Гуманітарні візії | |
| dc.citation.spage | 8 | |
| dc.citation.volume | 11 | |
| dc.contributor.affiliation | Національний університет “Львівська політехніка” | |
| dc.contributor.affiliation | Lviv Polytechnic National University | |
| dc.contributor.author | Дорош, Леся | |
| dc.contributor.author | Dorosh, Lesia | |
| dc.coverage.placename | Львів | |
| dc.coverage.placename | Lviv | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2025-11-20T08:38:13Z | |
| dc.description.abstract | У статті проаналізовано варіанти взаємодії 26 держав-членів ЄС у рамках PESCO, які об’єднують та розвивають свої спроможності, котрі вони були б нездатні розвивати та втілювати окремішньо. Йдеться про розвиток обороноздатності, координацію інвестиції, підвищення оперативної готовності та сумісності, стійкості їхніх збройних сил, про співпрацю у різноманітних проєктах. Наголошено на різних проєктах PESCO, зокрема, кібернетичні, безпілотні системи, хімічне, біологічне, радіологічне та ядерне спостереження та медичні послуги. Виділено, що у рамках PESCO важливу роль відіграє політичний імпульс на рівні ЄС та внутрішня політика держав-членів ЄС. Окрім цього, значення має особиста спорідненість між лідерами. Акцентовано, що у межах PESCO проявилась тенденція до виокремлення групи держав-лідерів, які орієнтуються на окремі проєкти. З лідерської точки зору дослідники виділяють так звану групу держав “PESCO 4” (Франція, Німеччина, Італія та Іспанія), роль яких трактують як фундаментальну. Ці чотири країни володіють геополітичною вагою, безпековим потенціалом та рівнем відданості, діяли та діють як справжня рушійна сила, залучаючи інших держав-членів до реалізації все більшої кількості проєктів. Досліджено виділені дослідниками три групи держав у рамках європейської оборонної співпраці: “Авангард”, “Lukewarmers”, “Волоцюги”. Стверджується, що країни групи “Авангард” та “PESCO 4” беруть на себе найбільшу відповідальність у сфері безпеки та оборони, та й в інших сферах. У цьому контексті водночас йдеться про конкуренцію між ними, яка проявляється у представництві у тому чи тому проєкті відповідно до їх економічного, політичного та людського потенціалів. Зауважено, що Франція є беззаперечним лідером в оборонній співпраці ЄС, як на інституційному рівні, так і на рівні двосторонніх і багатосторонніх безпекових союзів за його межами. Акцентовано на перспективності досліджень проблем та викликів реалізації проєктів PESCO із точки зору їх актуальності, відповідності амбіційним очікуванням держав групи “PESCO 4”, адекватності результатів, які отримають країни-члени та ЄС у цілому. | |
| dc.description.abstract | The article clarifies the options for cooperation of 26 EU Member States within the framework of PESCO, which combine and develop their capabilities, which they would be unable to develop and implement separately. It is about developing defence capabilities, investment coordination, increasing operational readiness, operational interoperability and stability of their armed forces, and cooperation in various projects. It is emphasized on the various PESCO projects such as cyber, unmanned systems, chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear surveillance and medical services. It is highlighted that the political impulse at the EU level and the internal politics of the EU Member States play an important role within the framework of PESCO. In addition, the personal affinity between leaders is important. It is emphasized that a tendency towards the identifying the group of leading states, which are focused on separate projects, has emerged within the framework of PESCO. From a leadership point of view, researchers single out the so-called group of states “PESCO 4” (France, Germany, Italy and Spain), whose role is interpreted as fundamental. These four countries possess geopolitical weight, security potential, and level of commitment, and they act as a real driving force, involving other Member States in the implementation of an increasing number of projects. The researchers have identified three groups of states within the framework of European defence cooperation: “Vanguard”, “Lukewarmers”, and “Vagabonds”. It is argued that the countries of the “Vanguard” and “PESCO 4” groups assume the greatest responsibility in the field of security and defence and other spheres as well. In this context, at the same time, it is about the competition between them, which is manifested in the involvement in the projects according to their economic, political and human potentials. It is noted that France is the undisputed leader in the EU defence cooperation, both at the institutional level and at the level of bilateral and multilateral security alliances outside the EU borders. Emphasis is placed on the perspective of researching the problems and challenges of implementing PESCO projects from the point of view of their relevance, compliance with the ambitious expectations of the states of the “PESCO 4” group, and the adequacy of the results that will be obtained by the Member States and the EU as a whole. | |
| dc.format.extent | 8-13 | |
| dc.format.pages | 6 | |
| dc.identifier.citation | Дорош Л. “PESCO 4”: Роль амбіцій держав-членів у реалізації оборонних і безпекових проєктів Європейського Союзу / Леся Дорош // Гуманітарні візії. — Львів : Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2025. — Том 11. — № 1. — С. 8–13. | |
| dc.identifier.citation2015 | Дорош Л. “PESCO 4”: Роль амбіцій держав-членів у реалізації оборонних і безпекових проєктів Європейського Союзу // Гуманітарні візії, Львів. 2025. Том 11. № 1. С. 8–13. | |
| dc.identifier.citationenAPA | Dorosh, L. (2025). "PESCO 4": Rol ambitsii derzhav-chleniv u realizatsii oboronnykh i bezpekovykh proiektiv Yevropeiskoho Soiuzu [“PESCO 4”: the Role of Member States’ Ambitions in the Implementation of Defence and Security Projects of the European Union]. Humanitarian Vision, 11(1), 8-13. Lviv Politechnic Publishing House. [in Ukrainian]. | |
| dc.identifier.citationenCHICAGO | Dorosh L. (2025) "PESCO 4": Rol ambitsii derzhav-chleniv u realizatsii oboronnykh i bezpekovykh proiektiv Yevropeiskoho Soiuzu [“PESCO 4”: the Role of Member States’ Ambitions in the Implementation of Defence and Security Projects of the European Union]. Humanitarian Vision (Lviv), vol. 11, no 1, pp. 8-13 [in Ukrainian]. | |
| dc.identifier.doi | https://doi.org/10.23939/shv2025.01.008 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://ena.lpnu.ua/handle/ntb/120674 | |
| dc.language.iso | uk | |
| dc.publisher | Видавництво Львівської політехніки | |
| dc.publisher | Lviv Politechnic Publishing House | |
| dc.relation.ispartof | Гуманітарні візії, 1 (11), 2025 | |
| dc.relation.ispartof | Humanitarian Vision, 1 (11), 2025 | |
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| dc.relation.referencesen | Blavoukos, S., Politis-Lamprou, P., Dellatolas, T.(2023). Mapping EU Defence Collaboration: One year on from | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | the Versailles Declaration. ELIAMEP Policy Paper, #133, 3–32. | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | Council Decision (CFSP) 2017/2315 of 11 December2017 establishing permanent structured cooperation (PESCO) | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | and determining the list of participating member states. (2017). | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | EUR-Lex. Retrieved from https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legalcontent/ | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32017D2315/ | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | Council Decision (CFSP) 2023/995 of 22 May 2023 | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | amending and updating Decision (CFSP) 2018/340 establishing | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | the list of projects to be developed under PESCO. (2023). EURLex. | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | Retrieved from https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legalcontent/ | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32023D0995Cózar Murillo, B. (2023). Bring Back the Spirit of | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | PESCO. EGMONT POLICY BRIEF 308, June. Retrieved from https://www.egmontinstitute.be/app/uploads/2023/06/Beatriz- | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | Cozar-Murillo_Policy_Brief_308.pdf?type=pdf | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | Defence Cooperation: Council assesses progress in | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | PESCO and launches its strategic review. (2023). European | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | Council, 14 November. Retrieved from https://www.consilium. | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2023/11/14/defence-cooperation-council-assesses-progress-in-pesco-and-launches-itsstrategic- | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | review/#new_tab | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | Development, Delivery and Determination: PESCO | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | Forging Ahead. (2023). PESCO. Retrieved from https://www. | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | pesco.europa.eu/pressmedia/development-delivery-and-determinationpesco- | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | forging-ahead/ | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | Dorosh, L. (2024). PESCO Projects: Features of | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | Implementation in the Light of the Full-Scale Phase of the | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | Russian-Ukrainian War. [In Ukrainian]. International Relations, | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | Public Communications and Regional Studies, 1(18),142–154. https://doi.org/10.29038/2524-2679-2024-01-142-154 | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | Dorosh, L. O. (2023). Implementation of Projects of | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | Permanent Structured Cooperation in the Field of Security and | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | Defense of the European Union: Problems and Challenges. [In | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | Ukrainian]. Humanitarian Vision, 9 (1), 1–6. | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | Fabry, E., Koenig, N., Pellerlin-Carlin, T. (2017). | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | Strengthening European Defence: Who Sits at the PESCO | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | Table, What's On the Menu? Notre Europe, Jacques Delors | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | Institute, 20 October. Retrieved from https://institutdelors. | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | eu/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/strengtheningeuropeandefencetribune- | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | fabrykoenigpellerincarlin-oct17-1.pdf | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | Friedrich, A. V. (2018). Principles of the Functioning of | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | Permanent Structured Cooperation in the Field of Defense of | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | the EU Member States (PESCO). [In Ukrainian]. LegalHorizons, 9 (22), 99–104. | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | Gawron-Tabor, K., Willa, R. (2023). Involvement of | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | EU Member States in PESCO Projects: A Comparative | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | Analysis. Athenaeum, 79(3), 21–46 https://doi.org/10.15804/athena. 2023.79.02 | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | Houdé, A., Wessel, R. A. (2023). A Common Security | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | and Defence Policy: Limits to Differentiated Integration in | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | PESCO? European Papers, 7(3), 1325–1356. https://doi.org/10.15166/2499-8249/614. | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | Ivasechko, O., Tsebenko O. (2022). The new EU | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | Defense Strategy "Strategic Compass" as a Response to | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | Modern Hybrid Threats. [In Ukrainian]. In T. Astramovich- | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | Leik, Ya. Turchyn, O. Horbach, O. Tsebenko. (Eds). The Security | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | Architecture of European and Euro-Atlantic Spaces, 91–105. Riga: "Baltija Publishing". https://doi.org/10.30525/ 978-9934-26-225-8-6 | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | Latici, T. (2020). Armament and Transatlantic Relationships | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | – The Romanian Perspective. Paris: ARES. Armament | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | Industry European Research Group (Ares Group) Comment#51. Retrieved from: https://www.iris-france.org/wp-content/ | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | uploads/2020/05/ARES-51.pdf | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | PESCO Participating Member States. (2024). Permanent | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | Structured Cooperation (PESCO). Retrieved from | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | https://www.pesco.europa.eu/about/ | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | Projects. (2024). Permanent Structured Cooperation | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | (PESCO). Retrieved from: https://www.pesco.europa.eu/# | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | projects | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | Rutigliano, S. (2023). Ukraine Conflict’s Impact on | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | European Defence and Permanent Structured Cooperation | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | (PESCO). European Papers, 8(2), 765–777. https://doi.org/10.15166/2499-8249/686 | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | Stetsyuk, M. (2024). Common Security and Defense | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | Policy of the European Union in the post-bipolar era: state of | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | development and opportunities for Ukraine. [In Ukrainian]. | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | Acta de Historia & Politica: Saeculum XXI. Vol. VII, 118–126. | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | Zandee, D. (2019). Armament and Transatlantic | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | Relationships: The Dutch perspective. Armament Industry | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | European Research Group (Ares Group). Comment #43. | |
| dc.relation.referencesen | Retrieved from https://www.iris-france.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/ARES-43-Transatlantic.pdf | |
| dc.relation.uri | https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legalcontent/ | |
| dc.relation.uri | https://www.egmontinstitute.be/app/uploads/2023/06/Beatriz- | |
| dc.relation.uri | https://www.consilium | |
| dc.relation.uri | https://www | |
| dc.relation.uri | https://doi.org/10.29038/2524-2679-2024-01-142-154 | |
| dc.relation.uri | https://institutdelors | |
| dc.relation.uri | https://doi.org/10.15804/athena | |
| dc.relation.uri | https://doi.org/10.15166/2499-8249/614 | |
| dc.relation.uri | https://doi.org/10.30525/ | |
| dc.relation.uri | https://www.iris-france.org/wp-content/ | |
| dc.relation.uri | https://www.pesco.europa.eu/about/ | |
| dc.relation.uri | https://www.pesco.europa.eu/# | |
| dc.relation.uri | https://doi.org/10.15166/2499-8249/686 | |
| dc.relation.uri | https://www.iris-france.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/ARES-43-Transatlantic.pdf | |
| dc.rights.holder | © Національний університет „Львівська політехніка“, 2025 | |
| dc.rights.holder | © Дорош Л., 2025 | |
| dc.subject | PESCO | |
| dc.subject | “PESCO 4” | |
| dc.subject | Європейський Союз | |
| dc.subject | безпека | |
| dc.subject | російсько-українська війна | |
| dc.subject | PESCO | |
| dc.subject | PESCO 4 | |
| dc.subject | European Union | |
| dc.subject | security | |
| dc.subject | russian-Ukrainian war | |
| dc.subject.udc | 327.7 | |
| dc.subject.udc | 355.4.01 | |
| dc.title | “PESCO 4”: Роль амбіцій держав-членів у реалізації оборонних і безпекових проєктів Європейського Союзу | |
| dc.title.alternative | “PESCO 4”: the Role of Member States’ Ambitions in the Implementation of Defence and Security Projects of the European Union | |
| dc.type | Article |