Особливості державної підтримки стартап-підприємництва в європейських країнах

Abstract

Проаналізовано особливості державної підтримки стартап-індустрій у країнах Європи. Автори дослідили основні напрями та особливості впровадження обраними країнами державних політик у сфері інновацій та розвитку стартап-підприємництва. Було визначено наявні інструменти активізації інноваційної та стартапівської діяль- ності, які застосовуються в європейських країнах. Запропоновано рекомендації для адаптації і застосування ефективних механізмів та інструментів активізації стартап-під- приємництва у нашій країні.

The article examines the specifics of state support for startup industries in European countries. The authors analyze the main directions and features of implementing state policies in the field of innovation and startup entrepreneurship development. Existing tools for activating innovative and startup activities applied worldwide were identified. State support for the startup industry includes financial and non-financial assistance, as well as the creation of a favorable business environment. The essence and directions of state support for startups should depend on the stages of the innovation process and the needs of startups at each stage of their life cycle. Therefore, state support tools for startup entrepreneurship need to be differentiated and considered based on the innovation development needs at each stage. European Union countries employ various approaches to state support for innovation. Some countries, such as Spain, France, and Germany, directly support innovation in enterprises by providing financial and non-financial assistance. Others, like Finland, utilize indirect methods to stimulate innovation, such as subsidies and tax incentives. The predictability of state support for innovation is a crucial factor in its effectiveness. The article proposes recommendations for adapting and implementing effective mechanisms and tools to activate innovative and startup activities in Ukraine. Considering the resource constraints faced by Ukraine, particularly during full-scale warfare, the government must prioritize supporting selected startups and projects relevant to the country’s current circumstances. Post-war reconstruction efforts should involve creating a favorable legal and institutional environment to simplify the initiation and management of startup projects. Stimulating collaboration between businesses, research institutions, and universities through the development of innovation and technology spaces, incubators, accelerators, and startup schools is essential to support initiatives from talented youth, providing opportunities for skills enhancement and education for young entrepreneurs.