Rapid identification and quantificative analysis of saponin oleanolic acid from root of talinum patens by thin layer chromatography and uv-vis spectroscopy

Abstract

Saponin and its hydrolytes are the usefully natural compounds in the medicinal production as well as functional food. Portulacaceae is one of the most considerably herbal families. In which, Talinum patens is well-known not only a leaf vegetable but also a valuably medicinal herb. It is useful to treat many various deseases thanks to contain the bioactive materials such as: triterpenoids, anthriquinon, saponin, polyuronic, organic acid and sucrose.... Oleanolic acid (a kind of sapogenin) is formed by the hydrolyzed saponin in the plant cells. The main goal of this study was to forecast rapid and available methods to obtain a first indication of saponin oleanolic acid in the solven extraction from any plant which containing these compounds. The T. patens’ roots were used as the first sample for analyses. The autolyzed dried-roots were extracted by the other solvents. The residue compound was determinated by thin layer chromatography (TLC) in the solvent buffers: chloroform – methanol (9:1 v/v); toluen – diethyl acetate (7:3 v/v). As a result, the chromatograms indicated that the analysed material contained saponin oleanolic acid (violet spots). Besides, a novel and simple ultraviolet Vis spectroscopy was also applied to quantificative analysis for this work. Quantification was performed by densitometry λ = 540 nm. 0.94% w/w saponin oleanolic acid was found in the roots biomass (based on oleanolic acid reference). The obtained results showed oleanolic acid can be detected and measured repidly, accurately, specifically and less expensively by TLC and UV-Vis spectroscopy. They are useful for the qualtative as well as quantitative determination of oleanolic acid in the different solvents, and significant in the improvement of the compounds’ identification processes.