Світло в сакральному просторі сучасного греко-католицького храму

Abstract

На підставі вітчизняного та закордонного досвіду церковного будівництва здійснено аналіз формування світло-просторової композиції сакрального простору сучасних греко-католицьких храмів в Україні і в зарубіжжі. Встановлено подібності й відмінності у способах та методах наповнення природним світлом сакрального простору сучасних греко-католицьких храмів порівняно з традиційними. Виявлено спільні та відмінні риси творчого світогляду архітекторів на принципи формування світлового середовища сучасного храму.

Based on domestic and foreign experience, an analysis of the natural light filling of the sacred space of Modern Greek Catholic churches in Ukraine and abroad. Similarities and differences in the formation of the light environment of the modern church, compared with the traditional one, have been establish. The architecture of Modern Greek Catholic churches in Ukraine significantly influenced by the traditions of architectural formation of other branches of Christianity. This influence manifested primarily in the organization of their lighting environment. In Modern Greek Catholic churches, there is a top light from the domes in the cover, but its share in the total flow of daylight significantly reduced. Due to the large stained glass windows in the walls significantly increases the overall illumination of the interior of the temple. Uniform arrangement of windows in the outer walls equalizes the light on the inner surfaces. Contribute to the creation of uniform illumination of surfaces used in the decoration of walls of light colors with the same brightness in the field of view. These factors indicate the convergence of the light composition of the interior of Greek Catholic churches with the interiors of Protestant churches. At the same time, partial (horizontal or vertical) or complete glazing of the walls in the altar, installation of large stained glass windows at full height in the side walls, installation of light lanterns, mostly in the roof over the altar space, bring together modern Greek Catholic churches their space with modern Catholic churches. Modern Greek Catholic churches contain many techniques of light-spatial composition that not related to the tradition already developed by the system of Ukrainian national attributes, and rather reflect the authorial style of an architect.