Автореферати та дисертаційні роботи
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://ena.lpnu.ua/handle/ntb/2995
Browse
Search Results
Item Інструментарій та моделі оцінювання потенціалу економічного розвитку підприємств(Національний університет "Львівська політехніка", 2019) Ємельянов, Олександр Юрійович; Кузьмін, Олег Євгенович; Національний університет «Львівська політехніка»; Амоша, Олександр Іванович; Турило, Анатолій Михайлович; Погорелов, Юрій СергійовичМетою цього дослідження є обґрунтування концептуальних, методологічних та методико-прикладних засад з розроблення і використання інструментарію та моделей оцінювання потенціалу економічного розвитку підприємств. Розроблено метод оцінювання потенціалу економічного розвитку підприємств на засадах встановлення та моделювання ієрархії властивостей підприємства, його окремих підсистем та елементів. Побудовано модель оцінювання потенціалу підвищення гнучкості та адаптованості підприємств до змін у зовнішньому середовищі. Розроблено інструментарій оцінювання потенціалу ресурсозберігаючих технологічних змін на підприємствах з урахуванням чинника ризику. Запропоновано показники оцінювання потенціалу технічного розвитку підприємств. Розроблено модель оцінювання потенціалу підвищення конкурентоспроможності підприємств. Розвинуто модель потенціалу підвищення фінансової стійкості підприємств. Целью этого исследования является обоснование концептуальных, методологических и методико-прикладных основ разработки и применения инструментария и моделей оценивания потенциала экономического развития предприятий. Разработан метод оценивания потенциала экономического развития предприятий на основе установления и моделирования иерархии свойств предприятия, его отдельных подсистем и элементов. Построена модель оценивания потенциала повышения гибкости предприятия и способности его к адаптации к изменениям во внешней среде. Разработан инструментарий оценивания потенциала ресурсосберегающих технологических изменений на предприятиях с учетом фактора риска. Предложены показатели оценивания потенциала технического развития предприятий. Разработана модель оценивания потенциала повышения конкурентоспособности предприятий. Развита модель оценивания потенциала повышения финансовой устойчивости предприятий. The purpose of this research is to substantiate conceptual, methodological, methodical and applied principles for the development and use of tools and models for assessing the potential of economic development of enterprises. A method of assessment of the potential of economic development of enterprises is developed in the work. This method is based on establishing and modeling the hierarchy of properties of the enterprise, its individual subsystems and elements, which involves defining chains of the corresponding properties and construction of their projections. It also allows to distinguish labile and conservative, managed and unmanaged properties of the enterprise and its constituents and to set such values of the managed properties, which provide the widest realization of the potential of economic development of enterprises. A model for assessing the potential of increasing the flexibility and adaptability of enterprises to changes in the external environment is proposed in the dissertation. According to this model, the potential for enhancing the flexibility and adaptability of enterprises can be determined by calculating the predicted growth in the proportion of potential losses from negative environmental impacts that the enterprise will avoid by improving its adaptation mechanisms. Tools for assessing the potential of resource-saving technological changes in enterprises is developed taking into account the risk factor. Tools involve the construction of many scenarios of the values of those indicators of the project implementation of resource-saving technological changes, which are characterized by the greatest unpredictability, the determining the maximum permissible amount of investment in the implementation of resource-saving technology and comparing this value with the actual need for investment in such implementation. The method of assessing factors of formation of potential of resource-saving economic development of enterprises is improved, which, in comparison with the existing methods, provides for setting limits of values of the index of efficiency of use of a certain resource of the enterprise and the index of physical volumes of sales of products, under which the growth of economic results of the enterprise is accompanied by a reduction in the consumption of a certain resource. Indicators for assessing the potential of technical development of enterprises, which, unlike the existing ones, are organized into four groups (generalizing, general, partial and basic), which form a certain hierarchy and exist in accordance with the management competencies of employees of enterprises in the field of management of their technical reequipment and resource support of economic activity. The assessment model of potential of increase of competitiveness of the enterprises is developed, which, unlike the existing ones, provides for determination of such parameters of quality of production and costs for its production and sale, at which the profit share of the enterprise is maximized in the total profit of all enterprises producing similar products. A model of assessing the potential for growth of the market value of enterprises is constructed. The use of this model, unlike similar models, allows determining the set of technical, technological and organizational-economic measures, as well as the optimal parameters of these measures, which provide the largest difference between the increase in the market value of enterprises and financial resources invested in achieving this growth. The conceptual approach to defining the concepts of “potential”, “enterprise potential” and “potential of development of the enterprise” was further developed. According to this approach, the potential of any object is equated with many of its external functional properties that the object exhibits or may exhibit in the particular state of the environment in which it is located. Accordingly, the potential of economic development of the enterprise is interpreted as the set of additional external functional properties that the enterprise may acquire under the particular state of the environment in which it is located, while increasing the value of its existing economic potential. Grouping of factors involved in forming the potential of economic development of economic entities by the following characteristics is realized: by location of relevant factors; by nature of influence on realization of potential of economic development of the enterprise; by the possibility of managing the relevant factors; by change (invariance) over a period of time; by the time necessary to change (activate) the relevant factors; by the characteristics of the relationships between the performance indicators of the enterprise; by place in the hierarchy; by the type of economic potential, which cause the relevant factors; by the method of evaluation factors; by the type of economic development of the enterprise; by the functional properties of the enterprise. Modeling of these factors is performed by constructing a pyramid of factors of formation of the potential of economic development of the enterprise, which contains six steps. The classification of barriers to realizing the potential of innovative development of enterprise is proposed. This classification involves the allocation of the following characteristics: the content of innovations, the method of their acquisition, the stage of the innovation process, the possibility and complexity of overcoming barriers, the objectivity and nature of the causes of the barriers. The average value of the various types of barriers to implementing a particular innovation (or set of innovations) in the sample of enterprises that have implemented or attempted to implement such an implementation is estimated in the dissertation by applying a multiplicative model of the actual level of innovation implementation. The model of potential of increase of financial stability of the enterprise by consistent execution of the following basic stages of calculations is developed: collecting the necessary information and assessing the existing level of financial stability of the enterprise; assessing the potential for growth in the amount of revenue that an entity can direct to repay its borrowings and pay interest on them; assessment of the potential of reducing the loan capital of the enterprise; assessing the potential of increasing the flexibility of the enterprise; forecasting the level of financial stability of the enterprise in case of full realization of the potential to increase this level; obtaining a quantitative assessment of the potential for improving the level of financial stability of the enterprise.Item Формування та розвиток економіко-управлінського інструментарію забезпечення бізнес-процесів(Національний університет "Львівська політехніка", 2019) Шуляр, Роман Віталійович; Кузьмін, Олег Євгенович; Національний університет «Львівська політехніка»; Батченко, Людмила Вікторівна; Череп, Алла Василівна; Ліпич, Любов ГригорівнаУ дисертації запропоновано вирішення науково-прикладної проблеми формування економіко-управлінського інструментарію, розвитку на його основі теоретико-методологічних підходів до розвитку гнучких та адаптивних систем управління бізнес-процесами з метою забезпечення їх якості на підприємствах. Економіко-управлінський інструментарій менеджменту бізнес-процесів підприємств, сформований на основі підходів щодо гнучкого реагування бізнес-процесів на зміни внутрішнього та зовнішнього середовищ, оцінювання потреб адаптування системи менеджменту, тобто, потреб впровадження нових підходів, дозволяє вийти на нові показники якості бізнес-процесів, виявляти негативні сторони їх протікання та скеровувати у більш ефективне русло. Для цього у дисертацій розроблені показники для моніторингу та оцінювання бізнес-процесів та їх якості, моделі, які ураховують показники ефективності планованих зміни у системі менеджменту, її адаптування у разі настання подій, чинників, явищ та умов, які система на основі наявного інструментарію не здатна подолати і потребує змін з метою подолання відхилень у діяльності підприємства. В диссертации предложено решение научно-прикладной проблемы формирования экономико-управленческого инструментария, развития на его основе теоретико-методологических подходов к формированию гибких и адаптивных систем управления бизнес-процессами с целью обеспечения их качества на предприятиях. Экономико-управленческий инструментарий менеджмента бизнес-процессов предприятий, сформированный на основе подходов к гибкого реагирования бизнес-процессов на изменения внутренней и внешней среды, оценки потребностей адаптации системы менеджмента, то есть, потребностей внедрения новых подходов, позволяет выйти на новые показатели качества бизнес процессов, выявлять негативные стороны их протекания и направлять в более эффективное русло. Для этого в диссертации разработаны показатели для мониторинга и оценки бизнес-процессов и их качества, модели, которые учитывают показатели эффективности планируемых изменениях в системе менеджмента, ее адаптации в случае наступления событий, факторов, явлений и условий, система на основе имеющегося инструментария не способна преодолеть и требует изменений с целью преодоления отклонений в деятельности предприятия. The thesis proposes the solution of the scientific and applied problems of the formation of economic and managerial instruments, the development on the basis of the theoretical and methodological approaches to insurance of flexible and adaptive business process management systems in order to increasing their quality at the enterprises. The actuality of this scientific problem and the study of the ways of its solution is confirmed by the results of the analysis of the current stage of development of business structures and the conditions of their dynamic and fast changing economic activity in the conditions of increasing the need for investment attractiveness and the influence of European integration processes. The identified trends in the corporative management require an active response to this environment dynamic of the, and flexible and adaptive managerial approaches must help to forecast changes and rebuild the business process management system for effective function, to provide qualitative and quantitative indicators achievement. Economic and management instruments for management of business processes of enterprises was formed on the basis of methodical approaches to flexible response of business processes to changes in the internal and external environment, assessment of the needs of adapting the management system, the needs for the introduction of new methodological approaches. They allow to get new indicators of quality business-processes to identify the negative aspects of their flow and to guide them in a more efficient way. According to this, in the theses have been developed indicators of the effective monitoring and evaluation of business-processes and their quality, which take into account the of the planned changes in the management system, its adaptation in events, factors and conditions witch that the system, based on existing instruments, cannot overcome and needs changes in order to deviations in the activities of the enterprise. The economic and managerial instruments for business process management in the enterprise management system are the arsenal of support for flexibility, adaptability and quality assurance of business processes. Developed, grounded and offered instruments in the thesis are an integral part of the modern enterprise management system in the context of attention to their business processes. Such instruments are aimed fast of all at timely recognition, decreasing the harmful effects of the environment and the internal environment in the enterprise, overcoming the deviations in qualitative and quantitative indicators of effectiveness of business processes. During process of the research it was discovered that the most common set of business process expectations for development parameters does not provide the effective result in terms of the effectiveness of their management. These processes set the task of monitoring the processes of their implementation in the best and precise way using monitoring, monitoring quality indicators, reviewing and comparing the basic business process models based on the concept of benchmarking, systematically optimizing management decisions in the quality management system, ranking business processes for the importance of vertical integration indicators, the creation of a competitive environment at the entrance of business processes and flexible management of quality options. In addition to the classic methods of managing business processes based on their modeling, reengineering and quality management, the economics and management instruments developed in the thesis focus management attention on such parameters as flexibility and adaptability of business processes as ways of ensuring the quality of their results. The formation of economic and managerial instruments in the system of business process management in practical activity provide sectors of quality, flexibility and adaptability of business processes. These sectors are connected by intermediate stages of monitoring of target indicators. Formed structural and logical model of the formation and development of economic and managerial instruments for business process support provides an opportunity to distinguish the signs of flexibility and adaptability of quality management. The rankings of the indicators of the quality of business processes for internal and external customers in relation to the enterprise and the study of the characteristics of the change in quality indicators due to the flexibility and adaptability of the quality management system based on expert surveys have allowed to determine key indicators of quality, flexibility and adaptability of business processes of enterprises. According to the survey of specialists at the investigated enterprises, the dependence of the factors of decision-making in the sphere of quality has been determined, namely, the need for financing can determine the effect of the decisions. This effect besides the level of financing depends on the time of getting this effect because the time increases the need for investment. These factors allowed identifying the types of games theory which can be modeled in quality groups for optimizing managerial decisions and options for setting tasks for application of game theory to optimize the solution in the quality management system of business processes. The estimation of quality assurance methods in an example with a machine-building enterprise for forming a mixed form of optimization game was conducted and a game matrix was constructed for choosing a solution based on the priority of time and material costs for its implementation, as well as the matrix of the game for choosing a solution based on the ratio of product reliability to time consumption and material costs for its implementation. On the basis of these matrices the variants of the decision on basis on the game theory in the chosen methods in a group on the quality of business processes are formed and evaluated. In order to overcome inaccuracies in the evaluation of decisions based on the developed recommendations, the classification of quality problems and their impact on the formation of quality groups has been conducted. On the basis of this classification of quality problems and deviations can be possible to formulate the sequence of actions, instructions on the actions of the quality management system and attitudes towards solving problems and overcoming these abnormalities. Some problems may go beyond the competence of field managers, so they can be solved only on the basis of the work of a collegial body – groups of quality.