Historical And Cultural Studies. – 2016. – Vol. 3, No. 1
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://ena.lpnu.ua/handle/ntb/41324
Науковий журнал
Historical and Cultural Studies = Історико-культурні студії : [науковий журнал] / Lviv Polytechnic National University ; [editor-in-chief S. Pavlyuk]. – Lviv : Lviv Politechnic Publishing House, 2016. – Volume 3, number 1. – 141 p.
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Item Музеї ХХІ століття в умовах глобалізації: нові смисли, виклики та тенденції(Lviv Polytechnic Publishing House, 2016) Панас, Н. Б.; Національний університет “Львівська політехніка”Визначено сучасну парадигму розвитку музеїв як основних презентаторів історико-культурної спадщини, наведено провідні тенденції в середовищі європейських музеїв, окреслено основні проблеми щодо інтерпретації фондів музеїв. Велику увагу звернено на аналіз негативних тенденцій у розвитку культурного сектору. Розглянуто роль музею як ефективного інструменту для формування іміджу “відкритого суспільства”, його здатності до інтеграції громадськості до інтелектуального європейського і світового співтовариства. Modern museum environment intensively passes the process of transformation in the context of global geopolitical, economic, social and cultural changes. It is impossible to forget that exactly museums are for today that perform the duty of forming of historical memory of the Ukrainian people and identities, promotes self-actualization of nation. Museum is now regarded not only as a storage center of cultural heritage and cultural values. Accordingly, the museum collections serve as an attractive resource for historical and cultural, social and economic environment. Traditional for museums educational activity changes its shape and scale, active recreational function of the museum is examined. The question of how the audience perceives the museum as a whole, as well as various types of displays and forms of cultural and educational activities that expectations of museums in society is actualizes. We can see changing the role of the museums in contemporary society, including in matters of education of patriotism, tolerance and overcoming cultural, ethnic fragmentation, as each of us can contribute to this area and had a positive effect on this interaction. The purpose of this article is to define modern paradigm for the development of museums as main presenters of historical and cultural heritage, to review leading trends in European museums and to identify the main problems of museums collections interpretation. Great attention is paid to the analysis of negative tendencies in the development of cultural industry, dictated by the imperatives of market relations – the imposition of consumer’s culture on exhibits presentation, the necessary of adaptation the collection and its interpretation in accordance with the ”primitive tastes” of the visitors. The role of the museum as an effective tool for formation openness of the society, its ability to integrate public to intellectual European and world community is also reviewed. Main results obtained through usage of intermediate and empirical levels of knowledge by application methods of observation, analysis, comparison, modeling of researched sources and simulation processed sources. This set of methods ensured the validity of results.Item Музейна комунікація в умовах викликів глобалізації(Lviv Polytechnic Publishing House, 2016) Вербицька, П. В.; Національний університет “Львівська політехніка”Розглянуто проблему актуалізації ролі музейної комунікації в сучасному глобалізованому суспільстві. Виокремлено та узагальнено чинники, які визначають нові підходи й форми взаємодії музею із публікою, забезпечуючи широке впровадження сучасних інформаційно-комунікативних технологій, модернізацію змісту експозиції, розширення спектру й підвищення якості музейних послуг. З’ясовано потенціал впровадження комунікативного підходу в музеології й музейному проектуванні, що дає можливість застосовувати в практиці музею нові медіа та технології інтерпретації та сприйняття експозиції. The article deals with the problem of actualization the potential of the museum in a globalized society. Modern communication paradigm is considered in the context of providing the possibility of direct involvement of all participants to communication process. Modern social needs lead to social change of the museum mission towards effective cooperation with society. Communicative space of museum in modern conditions is characterized by availability and the possibility of cultural values transmission in the virtual space. Based on modern scientific understanding of a museum role in contemporary social and cultural conditions, a new vision of museum communication is formulated. It is aiming at overcoming cultural and historical distance, establishing connections between the past, present and future, which lead to the revision of the museum traditional structure. The museum cannot be limited solely to passing scientific knowledge to its visitors. It is also necessary to consider motives and emotional requirements of the audience. By selecting the exhibits, extracting them from their cultural-historical environment, preserving and systematizing them, a museum becomes a specific channel of cultural-historical communication. Social value of a museum exhibit is determined by its historical-cultural context which shapes attitudes to the subject, as well as to a specific phenomenon or process associated with it. Allocated and summarizes the factors that define new approaches and forms of interaction museum with the public, providing a broad introduction of modern information and communication technologies, modernization of content exposition, expanding the range and improving the quality of museum services. It was found the potential of communicative approach implementation in museology and museum design, which makes it possible to introduce new technologies of interpretation and perception of exposition by individuals, introducing new media in the practice of the museum. New media and social networks form a wide range of museum communication instruments. The vision of the museum as a social and cultural institution in modern conditions is complemented by understanding of its active role in social and cultural development of community. Exhibitions and other museum activities can become a tool for better understanding of today’s world and meet the needs of people at present.Item Національна історико-культурна спадщина в системі історичної пам’яті та викликів сучасної глобалізації(Lviv Polytechnic Publishing House, 2016) Барановська, Н. М.; Національний університет “Львівська політехніка”Теоретично обґрунтувано соціогуманітарні трансформації, їхні загрози та можливості у сучасних глобалізаційних умовах розвитку українського суспільства. Увагу закцентовано на ролі та значенні національної історико-культурної спадщини для формування консолідаційного потенціалу об’єктивної історичної пам’яті та її використанні у культурно-пізнавальній сфері й міжнародній діяльності. З’ясовано роль історичних музеїв як важливих пам’яткоохоронних і дослідницьких установ у системі суспільних цінностей та змістовного наповнення національної ідеї. Встановлено загальні чинники, які впливають на формування національної ідентичності в межах глобального світосприйняття. The article is devoted to theoretical substantiation of sociohumanitarian transformations, their threats and opportunities in modern globalizational conditions of Ukrainian society’s development. Attention is paid to the role and significance of national historical and cultural heritage to form consolidational potential of objective historical memory and its use in cultural and educational sphere and international activity. The role of museums as important institutions for protection of monuments and research activity in the system of social values and rich in content filling of the national idea is clarified.The general factors that affect the formation of national identity within the global world-view are identified. Globalization and related challenges in recent years are the subject of active research in scientific community. Carrying the popular idea of integration readiness, globalization entails unification of history, pulls aside from the real impact on national development, politics and culture of historical memory. Management of historical consciousness becomes prominent. Inspiring and traumatic moments of the historical memory that in the past were causing contradictions and conflicts are becoming not important. They are displayed in a shadow or activated in accordance with the objectives of political expediency. This primarily relates to periods of liberation struggle of Ukrainian people for statehood revival that changed the political situation in Ukraine within the national paradigm, evaluation of prominent historical figures activity, because of which there are sometimes ideological disputes about controversy questions of SecondWorld War, historical memory about the state terror of the Soviet totalitarian regime (20–50’s XX century), the victims of which were millions of Ukrainian. An effective counterweight to globalizational processes, that threaten the information security of Ukraine may be renewal of society’s interest to national historical and cultural heritage as a valuable intellectual property of the Ukrainian nation, powerful mean of national self-identification, consolidation and formation of objective historical memory. An important role in processes of preservation, study and actualization of historical and cultural heritage belongs to the Historical Museum. Modern information technology and socio-cultural changes create new opportunities for effective transformation of historical and cultural values into museum exibits, rethinking of the museum displays towards rich in content filling of the national idea. This activity will help to prevent the growing trend towards cultural unification by forming in the minds of the Ukrainian nation’s representatives a sense of its unique history, culture and struggle for statehood. In addition, the value of national achievements should be meaningfully and interestingly revealed to the world, making them more prominent, featuring Ukrainian heritage as an integral and distinctive part of the historical and cultural heritage of humanity. This may be one of the most effective means to draw attention of the international community to the problem of necessity to maintain national sovereignty and territorial integrity of Ukraine in threatening her present conditions.