Economics, Entrepreneurship, Management. – 2019. – Vol. 6, No. 2

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://ena.lpnu.ua/handle/ntb/46112

Науковий журнал

Economics, Entrepreneurship, Management / Lviv Polytechnic National University ; editor-in-chief O. Kuzmin. – Lviv : Lviv Polytechnic National University, 2019. – Volume 6, number 2. – 114 p. : il.

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    Decommissioning of fixed assets and land recovery: accounting and assessment
    (Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2019-02-28) Orlova, V.; Kafka, S.; Riabkova, O.; Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas; Lviv Polytechnic National University
    The existing provisions and regulations for the accounting of the written-off objects of the fixed assets and the working balances creation to cover the expenses of land restoration were investigated. Taking into consideration the peculiarities of the Ukrainian enterprises activity in the field of oil and gas industry, the problematic aspects within the accounting of the fixed assets and other non- circulating assets were investigated. The structure of the expected expenses for decommissioning of fixed assets and land restoration, that are the specific objects of the oil and gas industry enterprises, was determined. Based on the reasoning for structural expenses, the conceptual basis for the creation of accounting methodology with the emphasis on the contents of operations for funds creation for the provision of expenditure for the subsequent periods to finance economic operations for decommissioning of fixed assets and the restoration of land in the oil and gas industry. It has been proven in this article that creation of amounts of securities for such aims of the enterprise, should be identified in accordance with such criteria as the planned level of changes of the possible stock for oil and gas mining. It is argued that at each of the following stages of the mineral wealth exploitation, to recognize such liabilities in the accounting system are necessary, taking into account the risks, associated with the decommissioning of such assets. For the objective results provision, the general scientific methods of scientific knowledge, the specific methods of accounting and risk management methods were used.
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    Methodological approaches to evaluation and revaluation of fixed assets in the context of implementing international accounting standards
    (Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2019-02-28) Svynous, I.; Shepel, T.; Lytvynenko, N.; Bila Tserkva National Agrarian University; Lviv Polytechnic National University
    It has been established that the issues of methodological nature are of key importance in ensuring the reproduction process of the elements of material and technical resources, among which the issues of applied significance should be emphasized, such as justification of criteria and indices which can be indicators of the reproduction process state; developing algorithm of the latter at its various stages; modeling reproduction processes at the enterprise. Considering the issues of developing objective criteria and indices for the evaluation of the reproduction process of the elements of material and technical resources at the agricultural enterprises, the first thing to be noted is an unresolved issue of fair value, which creates the situation wherein book value of fixed assets and other assets minimizes the investors’ possibilities to protect their interests. This is due to the fact that accounting in Ukraine serves for tax control rather than management and investment. Evaluation of fixed assets, being the components of material and technical resources (MTR), at fair value makes it possible to characterize the reproduction process objectively, define the property status of the economic entity more precisely. However, it distorts financial result. We believe that simultaneous use of several indices for fair value measurement may lead to different fair values of the fixed asset. An agricultural enterprise is obliged to analyze the reasons for inconsistencies in calculations and choose the most precise estimation of the fair value. Fair value of the assets must reflect variability of money flows, which are taken into consideration during price negotiation by independent, knowledgeable buyers and sellers interested in making such a deal. There is no unified approach due to the fact that most of the assets do not have market value, and their fair value estimated by the expert is conditional and fair only as of the estimation date. Nevertheless, fair value is necessary for the potential investors and indispensable to financial assets. Evaluation methods of fixed assets at their fair value require development, adjustment of evaluation model, which will make it possible to ensure equivalency of exchange between the independent parties on the active market.