Environmental Problems
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Item Monitoring the state of environmental safety using phytoindication methods to ensure sustainable development of a technologically loaded city Kremenchuk(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2023-02-28) Kolesnik, Dmytro; Shmandiy, Volodymyr; Kharlamova, Olena; Bezdeneznych, Lilija; Rigas, Tetiana; Kremenchuk Mykhailo Ostohradskyi National UniversityEcological aspects of sustainable development have recently attracted the attention of scientists. The article is devoted to the control of ecological safety based on the study of the state of plantations in the city of Kremenchuk using the method of fluctuating leaf asymmetry as an indicator. The research was conducted in recreational, residential, transport and industrial areas. It was found that the condition of green areasin the city of Kremenchuk is heterogeneous and depends on the level of anthropogenic pressure. Plants growing near traffic routes and in industrial areas are much weaker than those growing in recreational areas.. The main indicator of plant condition in the study was the fluctuating asymmetry of the leaf blade of pyramidal poplar and hanging birch. It was found that the integral values of this indicator differ in different parts of the city with different intensities of anthropogenic impact, with the maximum values observed in industrial and traffic zones where there is an intense impact of pollutants. The results of the study confirm the unfavourable ecological condition of certain areas of the technologically loaded city of Kremenchuk, and also indicate the importance of environmental monitoring of pollution and development of measures to improve the condition of green areas. The results of the study can be used to improve the methodology and theory of ecological safety and urban environmental protection in order to preserve and restore plant populations in cities.Item Modeling and forecasting of the state of the environment in the waste management and management system consumption of Kremenchuk urban territorial community in Wartim(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2023-02-28) Titova, Anna; Kharlamova, Olena; Shmandiy, Volodymyr; Bezdeneznych, Lilija; Rigas, Tetyana; Kremenchuk Mykhailo Ostrohradsky National UniversityWe consider waste management and management as an area of ecological safety. As a result of the study, the ecological aspects of this branch of activity were analyzed on the example of the operation of the operating MSW landfill in the city of Kremenchuk. The prospective direction of the field of waste management in the region, as well as the state of its financing, are taken into account. Such dangerous factors in the operation of the municipal landfill for the environment as: pollution of groundwater and open dumps of the landfill have been identified. The chemical composition of the leachate formed in the body of the landfill was evaluated and the concentrations of pollutants were compared with the permissible values in wastewater discharged to the city sewer. Priority measures for landfill reclamation were proposed. We analyzed solid household waste landfills from the point of view of resource-energy saving, as an alternative source of energy thanks to the use of generated biogas, as well as extracted secondary resources.Item Formation and development of scientific direction of “Ecological safety” as a priority of scientific and pedagogical activity of professor Volodymyr Shmandiy(Lviv Politechnic Publishing House, 2018-02-01) Kharlamova, Olena; Kremenchuk Mykhailo Ostrohradskyi National UniversityThe milestones of scientific and pedagogical activity of Professor Volodymyr Shmandiy are described. The main results of the scientific school headed by him are presented. The hierarchical structure of ecological danger is set forth. The conceptual principle of ecological safety management is formulated. The scientific principles of research on the environmental impact of earthquakes of technogenic origin are presented. A poly-staged method for producing adsorbent of high absorption capacity based on waste from agro-industrial complex is presented. Scientificapplied and educational-methodical achievements are announced.Item Improvement of the ecological safety of road transport in the use of alternative fuel and exhaust converters(Lviv Politechnic Publishing House, 2017-03-21) Shmandiy, Volodymyr; Kharlamova, Olena; Rigas, Tetyana; Kremenchuk Mykhailo Ostohradskyi National UniversityThe aim of the research was to reduce ecological danger caused by vehicles through the use of combined fuel and improved designs converters of exhaust gases. The use of obsolete structures of a catalytic analyzer on cars and the provision of periodic purging of catalytic units can significantly reduce soot emissions without making changes to the design of the engine. It was established that the use of a mixture of diesel fuel with biofuels (made involving waste) reduces the toxicity of exhaust gases by 30–35 % and saves hydrocarbons.Item Reduction of the environmental threat from uncontrolled development of cyanobacteria in the waters of the Dnieper reservoirs(Publishing House of Lviv Polytechnic National University, 2016) Malovanyy, Myroslav; Nykyforov, Volodymyr; Kharlamova, Olena; Synelnikov, Alexander; Dereyko, KhrystynaWe have analyzed the ecological hazard that has emerged as a result of the construction of hydropower plants on the Dnieper, which became the cause of uncontrolled development of cyanobacteria. The environmental risks that are caused by the uncontrolled development of cyanobacteria and their biodegradability were studied. The efficiency of application of the known methods of suppression of mass development of the blue-green algae was analyzed. The amount of biogas that can be synthesized from cyanobacteria biomass of Kremenchug reservoir was estimated. The strategy of avoiding the ecological disaster from the uncontrolled development of cyanobacteria and its negative impact on the environment was suggested.