Environmental Problems

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    Carbon sequestration in the ocean-an escape route
    (Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2022-06-01) Onyemachi, David Ibeabuchi; Eze, Wilson Uzochukwu; Musa, Mekidani Aaron; Okolo, Virginia Ngozi; Kalip, Amos Dindul; Paulleo, Pascalina; Igiri, Bernard Egwu; John, Abba; Nigerian Institute of Leather and Science Technology; Nnamdi Azikiwe University; National Space Research and Development Agency
    The utilization of fossil fuels is releasing previously carbon stored in the various carbon pools of the earth and increasing the global concentration of Carbon dioxide from an initial 280 parts per million in the 1850s to above 400 parts per million today. This review takes a look at previous works on carbon sequestration; its feasibility, potential and process. Increased carbon emission has disrupted the fragile balance in carbon content between the atmosphere and ocean which took thousands of years to attain. Aftermath of which includes increase global temperatures as well as other environmental problems. It has been projected that from 2025 up-wards; we would have exceeded our carbon budget at our current emission rates. Curtailing fossil fuel utilization alone will not suffice to save the planet unless something more drastic is done. Capturing anthropogenically produced carbon gas and discharging it into the ocean at a depth of 3000m where it sinks into the bottom of the ocean is recommended. Here, the oceans are expected to store about 59 times the carbon gas carrying capacity of the atmosphere. The need to speed up the slow natural process of sequestrating carbon in the ocean depth has never been more expedient. Research is recommended into understanding the oceans as a variegated system of interactions compared to terrestrial ecosystems.
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    Investigation of the influence of finely dispersed solid substances of the atmospheric air on humans
    (Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2022-06-01) Kozii, Ivan; Sumy State University
    An analytical study of the impact of solids contained in the air of urban areas on human health was conducted. Based on the analysis of the database of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development and the State Statistics Service of Ukraine on the emissions of substances into the atmosphere, it was established that the effects of solids on humans depend on particle diameter, morphological and physicochemical characteristics. The analytical research has shown that suspended airborne substances primarily damage the respiratory system and cause harm to the human cardiovascular system. The forecast model of emissions of finely dispersed suspended solids (PM2.5 and less) in Ukraine until 2030 was obtained. The critical analysis of indicators of admissible levels of pollution, considering the comparative characteristic of foreign and domestic standards of admissible concentration of suspended solids in the atmospheric air of settlements, was carried out.
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    Analysis of ecological safety of emissions from production of carbon products
    (Lviv Politechnic Publishing House, 2019-02-26) Belokon’, Karina; Belokon’, Yuriy; Klymenko, Larysa; Zaporizhzhia National University
    The risk to the health of the population from carbon oxide and hydrocarbon waste influence of carbon producing enterprises is estimated in this work. After analyzing the ecological safety of emissions of the carbon producing enterprises it was determined that their activity belongs to the average level of risk and ability to get respiratory organs diseases, sight, cardiovascular and central nervous system diseases for old people, pregnant women and children.
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    Reduction of environmental hazard of Hudrogen Sulfide emission from sewerage pipelines and visual pollution, formed by degassing units
    (Publishing House of Lviv Polytechnic National University, 2016) Iurchenko, Valentina; Lebedeva, Elena
    At some sites of the sewage collector in Kharkov concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the underroof space exceeds in thousands of times daily average MPC. As a result the gaseous emissions from the sewage network in the city atmosphere the content of hydrogen sulfide in the atmosphere of residential development area may exceed the MPCd.a. The degasifier, installed above the sewage shaft efficiently rectifies gas releases. Design solutions are developed, which allow to harmonize degasifiers on sewerage nets with urban environment of different application.