Environmental Problems
Permanent URI for this communityhttps://ena.lpnu.ua/handle/ntb/33081
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Item Use of Modified Adsorbents to Remove Pesticides From Wastewater(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2022-03-01) Sabadash, Vira; Gumnitsky, Jaroslaw; Nowik-Zając, Anna; Zawierucha, Iwona; Krylova, Galyna; Lviv Polytechnic National University; Academy of Jan Dlugosz in CzestochówThe migration of highly concentrated pesticide solutions in the soil has been experimentally studied. A mathematical model of the diffusion process in the soil environment has been developed. Based on the mathematical model, a system of equations for calculating the duration and intensity of the process depending on environmental parameters was obtained. The dependence of the process velocity on the direction of the diffusion front is determined, and the diffusion coefficients, kinetic coefficients of the diffusion process and the diffusion front velocity were calculated. Environmental aspects of pesticide migration were analysed. The diffusion coefficient of glyphosate in the model soil environment is established. Under the experimental conditions, the diffusion coefficient value was D = 1.755×10-12 m2/s. The study results of the process of migration of the component up the soil profile indicate the mechanism of molecular diffusion of glyphosate in the soil environment. The results of experimental research and the solution of the mathematical model were used to model the migration process in the Comsol Multiphysics environment. Analysis of theoretical and experimental results showed that the developed model could be used to calculate the dynamics of the spread of the pesticide front in the soil with sufficient accuracy.Item Environmental safety management of used packaging of pesticides and other dangerous substances(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2020-02-10) Petruk, Roman; Petrushka, Ihor; Pohrebennyk, Volodymyr; Vinnytsia National Technical University; Lviv Polytechnic National UniversityIn Ukraine, there is a problem of environmentally hazardous handling of used packaging of pesticides and other toxic chemicals and hazardous waste which can pose a serious threat to human health and the environment. The paper presents modern methods of disposal of pesticide packaging in the world and the situation in Ukraine. The Ukrainian and world environmental legislations regulating the problem of pesticide packaging management are analyzed. The scheme of processing and disposal of pesticide containers is proposed. Types and materials from which pesticide packaging is made are analyzed. Methods and equipment for washing of pesticide containers and handling of washing solutions are given. As a result, it is recommended to intensify the process of organizing a system for collecting, certifying and setting up licensed pesticide and other hazardous waste disposal facilities, as well as ensuring state support and the use of the best international experience.Item Ecological safety of pesticide use in Ukraine(Lviv Politechnic Publishing House, 2017-09-08) Petruk, Roman; Kostyuk, Volodymyr; Vinnytsia National Technical UniversityThe purpose of the study is to determine the levels of hazardous pesticides used in Ukraine and the world and to identify the most dangerous of them. The main agrochemical manufacturers of Ukraine are analyzed and a list of active pesticide substances is made. The ecotoxic method has been used and the list of the most environmentally hazardous pesticides for the environment and humans has been established. The mechanism of increasing environmental safety by using different pesticides on agricultural lands with acid and alkaline soils is proposed.