Вісники та науково-технічні збірники, журнали
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Item Environmentally safe reclamation of solid waste landfills(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2023-02-28) Grechanik, Ruslan; Malovanyy, Myroslav; Korbut, Mariia; Petrushka, Kateryna; Luchyt, Liubov; Boyko, Ruslan; Synelnikov, Serhiy; Bordun, Ihor; Ministry of Environmental Protection and Natural Resources of Ukraine; Lviv Polytechnic National University; Zhytomyr Polytechnic State University; Armed Forces of Ukraine; Czestochowa University of TechnologyThe main stages of the reclamation of solid waste landfills have been considered. The processes that limit ensuring the ecological safety of reclamation have been identified. In particular, three stages that may be hazardous for the environment have been highlighted: leachate treatment, preparation of soil or substrate for biological reclamation, and preparation of seeds and planting material. Leachate treatment by the aeration method in an aerated lagoon is recommended. The prospect of using such a process has been investigated in laboratory conditions. To ensure the prolonged release of nutrients in the reclamation layer, it is suggested to use encapsulated fertilizers. The effectiveness of the encapsulated fertilizer covered with a PET shell has been studied. For afforestation using high-quality planting material, the use of in vitro microcloning technology is proposed. The perspective of the method is shown in the example of microcloning of the white mulberry Morus alba L.Item Influence of heavy metals oxides on the pollution of the soil environment as a consequence of military actions(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2023-02-28) Petrushka, Kateryna; Petrushka, Ihor; Lviv Polytechnic National UniversityHeavy metals enter the soil in the form of oxides and salts (both soluble and practically insoluble in water). There is an assumption that heavy metal oxides are fixed mainly in the solid phase of the soil, especially in a neutral or alkaline pH environment. It should be noted that their toxic effect depends entirely on such factors as the type of soil and the pH of the pore solution. The behavior of heavy metals in soils is significantly different from the behavior of most cations of macroelements. The purpose of this work is to assess the anthropogenic impact of heavy metal oxides, as well as accompanying oxides that are formed as a result of an explosion on the ground. To assess the degree of soil contamination, distribution and immobilization of heavy metals in the soils of industrial agglomerations.Item Obtaining Environmentally Friendly Encapsulated Mineral Fertilizers Using Encapsulated Modified Pet(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2022-03-01) Grechanik, Ruslan; Lutek, Wojciech; Malovanyy, Myroslav; Nagursky, Oleg; Tymchuk, Ivan; Petrushka, Kateryna; Luchyt, Liubov; Storoshchuk, Uliana; Lviv Regional State Administration; Maria Curie Sklodowska University; Lviv Polytechnic National UniversityThe article deals with the study of the prospects for the use of mineral fertilizers encapsulated in PET for bioremediation. This increases efficiency, prevents environmental pollution from undigested plants with plant nutrients, and minimizes the number of application operations. In addition, it disposes of a significant portion of PET waste, the uncontrolled accumulation of which poses a threat to the environment. The basic technological schemes of preparation of a film-forming composition and encapsulation of fertilizers are offered. The kinetic parameters of the process of release of batteries of granulated ammonium nitrate encapsulated with a film based on modified PET are determined.Item State and Prospects of Solar Energy Development(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2022-03-01) Petrushka, Kateryna; Hanuliak, Julianna; Petrushka, Ihor; Lviv Polytechnic National UniversityThe potential of solar energy in Ukraine is high enough for widespread implementation. The most promising method of obtaining electricity is a method of direct conversion of radiation into electricity using solar panels. The production of electricity using solar panels prevents air pollution compared to the production of electricity by thermal power plants and reduces greenhouse gas emissions. The conversion of solar energy into electricity is environmentally friendly compared to traditional energy sources, but at the same time, after their operation, they generate waste that is difficult to utilize.Item Use of clay sorptive materials in the synthesis of polymer materials(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2022-06-01) Kryklyvyi, Rostyslav; Sakalova, Halyna; Petrushka, Kateryna; Luchyt, Liubov; Vinnytsia Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi State Pedagogical University; Lviv Polytechnic National UniversityThe paper suggests the solution to the urgent problem of increasing the level of environmental safety of industrial wastewater treatment from heavy metal using natural and modified bentonite.The use of spent bentonite in the processes of filling polymers is investigated. The aim of the research was to study the influence of fillers on the crosslinking course and functional properties of vulcanized elastomeric mixtures. Test research compositions included chloroprene rubber and chlorosulfonated polyethylene. Nanofillers were used as a strengthening substance. Montmorillonite and spent montmorillonite saturated with copper ions were used as nanofiller.Item Popularization of the organic component composting of household waste among the population(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2021-03-01) Korbut, Mariia; Malovanyy, Myroslav; Petrushka, Kateryna; Lutek, Wojciech; Zhytomyr Polytechnic State University; Lviv Polytechnic National University; Maria Curie Sklodowska UniversityThe study, using a survey, found social attitudes towards the separate collection and problematic issues that may hinder its implementation. It was found that most respondents are not familiar with the possibilities of waste composting at home, and residents of multi-storey buildings generally consider composting at home in the kitchen inexpedient. The paper identified the causes of ignorance of the population on household composting conditions. The paper presents the scientific results of the popularization of composting with microbiological additives at home among the population. The study aimed to develop a practical, effective model for the management of the bioorganic component of municipal solid waste, which minimizes the impact of waste on the environment and maximizes resource potential by organizing composting organic waste at home. Based on the research data, recommendations for the population of Zhytomyr on composting household waste have been developed. They explain in detail the mechanism of composting at home and outline the benefits of such composting. The obtained results are practical, they can be used for explanatory work among the population and the development of recommendations on separate waste collecting and composting of the organic part of household waste in domestic conditions.Item Features of adsorption processes for wastewater treatment from zinc ions(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2021-06-01) Petrushka, Ihor; Bratus, Oksana; Petrushka, Kateryna; Lviv Polytechnic National UniversityThe results of adsorption properties of complex natural sorbents in relation to the neutralization of zinc ions from wastewater are presented. The adsorption isotherm of Zn2+ ions on complex sorbents (clinoptilolite-shungite) (1:1) according to Langmuir and Freundlich models is constructed, the type of adsorption isotherms according to S. Brunauer classification is established. The value of the maximum sorption capacity of Gmax complex sorbents for Zn2+ ions is calculated. The peculiarities of the sorption process of zinc ions with the formation of a monomolecular layer based on the calculated coefficients of the Langmuir and Freundlich were found. The optimal conditions for the dependence of the degree of absorption of Zn2+ ions by complex sorbents on the duration of the sorption process are determined. The ratio “solid (complex sorbent) – liquid” was determined experimentally.Item Optimum collection and concentration strategies of hydrobionts excess biomass in biological surface water purifying technologies(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2021-03-03) Malovanyy, Myroslav; Tymchuk, Ivan; Balandiukh, Iurii; Soloviy, Christina; Zhuk, Volodymyr; Kopiy, Maria; Stokaliuk, Oleh; Petrushka, Kateryna; Lviv Polytechnic National University; Ukrainian National Forestry University; Lviv State University of Life SafetyThe analysis of perspective collection and concentration technologies of excess biomass in the technologies of wastewater and surface water biological treatment with the use of aquatic organisms has been carried out. The scheme of a life cycle of the aquatic organisms in wastewater and surface water treatment technologies has been proposed. The analysis of technological approaches for biomass collection of three types: aquatic plants and macroalgae; aquatic plants with a developed root system and microalgae of aquatic organisms has been carried out. A strategy for concentrating microalgae has been proposed. The high efficiency of the coagulation-flocculation gravitational thickening method of freshwater microalgae suspensions of the Microcystis aeruginosa species has been confirmed in laboratory conditions.Item Theoretical and practical aspects of the efficiency of application of mineral fertilizers encapsulated with polyethylene terephthalate(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2020-02-10) Synelnikov, Serhiy; Malovanyy, Myroslav; Nahurskyy, Oleh; Luchyt, Liubov; Petrushka, Kateryna; Tymchuk, Ivan; Stokaliuko, Oleh; Lviv Polytechnic National University; Lviv State University of Life SafetyThe environmental impact of residual mineral fertilizers not utilized by plants is analyzed. It is shown that this negative effect extends to all elements of the environment: soil, atmosphere, hydrosphere. The perspective of the application of encapsulated mineral fertilizers that allow prolonged release of plant nutrients is outlined. The appliccation of modified polyethylene terephthalate (PETF) as a capsule-forming material for encapsulated mineral fertilizers is proposed. PET modification and fertilizer encapsulation technologies have been tested. The dynamics of the release of nutrients from fertilizers encapsulated by PET has been studied. The kinetics of watercress salad growth with the use of granular and encapsulated fertilizers has been investigated.Item Improvement of adsorption processes of wastewater treatment from nickel ions(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2020-02-10) Petrushka, Ihor; Petrushka, Kateryna; Bliatnyk, Bohdanna; Lviv Polytechnic National UniversityThe sorption properties of natural and complex sorbents for neutralization of Ni2+ ions from the water environment were studied. The isotherm of the adsorption of Ni2+ ions on complex sorbents (activated bentonite to shungite is 1:1) according to the Langmuir and Freundlich’s models was drawn; the type of adsorption isotherms according to the S. Brunauer’s classification was established. The values of the maximum sorption capacity of Гmax sorbents relative to Ni2+ ions were calculated. Based on the calculated coefficients of the Langmuir and Freundlich's equations, the specificity of the process of sorption of Nickel ions with the formation of a monomolecular layer was determined. The dependences of the degree of absorption of Ni2+ ions by complex sorbents on the duration of the sorption process were obtained. The ratio of solid state of matter (comprehensive sorbent) to liquid was experimentally determined.