Вимірювальна техніка та метрологія. – 2023. – Випуск 84, №3

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Measuring Equipment and Metrology : scientific journal. – Lviv : Lviv Politechnic Publishing House, 2023. – Volume 84, № 3. – 45 р.

Вимірювальна техніка та метрологія

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Content (Vol. 84, No 3)


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    Generalized risk assessment procedure for software testing of legally regulated measuring instruments
    (Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2023-02-28) Gaman, Valentyn; Kursin, Serhii; Velychko, Oleh; SE “Ukrmetrteststandard”
    The legal metrology covers measuring instruments (MI), the measurement results of which are used in calculations for consumed energy resources, in the fields of information protection, security, environmental protection, etc. Most modern MIs use microcontrollers or are controlled by computers. The software (SW) of such MIs provides an opportunity not only to automate the processes of measurement and calculation of results but also to ensure long-term storage and data transfer. The manufacturer is responsible for investigating and assessing all possible risks related to the MI SW. The task of the conformity assessment body is to assess the conformity of MIs adequately in general and software, in particular, to the established requirements based on the analysis of risk classes. Standards for information security risk management, information technology security assessment, and information technology security assessment criteria consider only general issues of software security and risk assessment without taking into account the scope of its application. The existing regulatory documents on software risk management were considered. Modern methods of assessing the risks of the MI SW were studied. To assess the risks of software of legally regulated MIs, a general classification of threats and vulnerabilities of MI SW was made. For choosing threats that affect functionality, only those that affect metrological characteristics during measurement are taken into account. Possible manifestations of the impact of threats on stored data can be their distortion or destruction, and transmissions of data can be data distortion during transmission or data loss due to a break in the telecommunications connection. A proposed simplified risk assessment methodology for assessing the compliance of MI SW without statistical data on the probabilities of threats and the amount of harm from the implementation of threats is presented. Risk is defined as the probability of harm due to a certain vulnerability, taking into account the conditional amount of harm.
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    Embedded IoT platform for remote traffic control in smart city IoT infrastructure
    (Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2023-02-28) Nikolskiy, Serhiy; Klymenko, Iryna; The National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”
    A justified hybrid multilevel approach to IoT infrastructure implementation is set to facilitate the achievement of a scalable IoT (Internet of Things) infrastructure, incorporating integration into cloud technologies and services. The localization of hardware-software traffic management means at the lower level of the IoT infrastructure, close to data collection devices, ensures the generation of control influences in real-time, and relieves communication channels at the higher levels of the IoT infrastructure architecture. A technology for generating control influences for remote traffic management is proposed, which is based on the developed AT command system for deploying a web server and generating web pages using the capabilities of the embedded IoT platform on modern microcontrollers. The proposed technology allows for the formation of control influences in real-time, in an easily comprehensible textual format, using a web interface in the local domain of the IoT infrastructure. It also enables the visualization of information on remote displays and information boards, as well as on displays integrated into automotive equipment. The proposed technology can be used to inform road traffic participants about critical situations and can be embedded in smart traffic lights within remote traffic management systems or used to implement virtual traffic lights.
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    Design of the water strider-like robot
    (Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2023-02-28) Yatsyshyn, Svyatoslav; Zeng, Xinyu; Lviv Polytechnic National University
    The development of the human population produces ecosystem changes. Monitoring of them can be considered one of the key prerequisites for ensuring its survival. At the same time, the development of Metrology 4.0 based on the study of land massifs and the control of their characteristics should consider the methods and means for studying the aquatic environment by new types of robots, as platforms for deployment of some sensors, namely multi-legged walking devices, for example, the “water striders”. In the paper, we consider the possibility of solving the quite complex task of designing of light robot designed to slide on the surface of the water without submerging in it and equipped with built-in sensors.
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    Criteria of materials metal glasses selection for thermometry
    (Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2023-02-28) Skoropad, Pylyp; Lihnovskyi, Ihor; Hamula, Pavlo; Mastylo, Rostyslav; Lviv Polytechnic National University; Technical University of Ilmenau
    In the current paper, there are considered the criteria for estimating the thermoelectric properties of metal glasses (MG) on suitability for thermometry. It is revealed that a principle of choice of thermoelectric materials based only on criteria is not quite efficient. It needs to examine also their mechanical durability, thermal, radiating, and anticorrosive properties, etc. More complete consideration proves that the use of MGs in thermometry is rather expedient.
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    Theoretical substantiation of the results of measuring anomalies of spacecraft trajectories
    (Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2023-02-28) Chaban, Vasil; Lviv Polytechnic National University
    It is about the solar acceleration of spacecraft. The prevailing opinion that classical properties of the fundamental laws of statics can be successfully used in the celestial mechanics of low speeds (v << c) has been refuted because the involvement of relativistic methods does not improve the situation due to the smallness of the gravity magnetic acceleration. The essence of the problem is that the known classic methods of the theory of motion operate solely on the transverse component of the velocity vector concerning the orientation of the radius vector of the gravitational interaction. In the article, an insufficient longitudinal component was introduced into the electrogravity theory of motion, the effect of which turned out to be an order of magnitude higher than the effect of the transverse one.
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    Preventing potential robbery crimes using deep learning algorithm of data processing
    (Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2023-02-28) Shutka, Denys; Prodan, Roman; Tataryn, Vasyl; Lviv Polytechnic National University
    Recently, deep learning technologies, namely Neural Networks [1], are attracting more and more attention from businesses and the scientific community, as they help optimize processes and find real solutions to problems much more efficiently and economically than many other approaches. In particular, Neural Networks are well suited for situations when you need to detect objects or look for similar patterns in videos and images, making them relevant in the field of information and measurement technologies in mechatronics and robotics. With the increasing number of robbed apartments and houses every year, addressing this issue has become one of the highest priorities in today’s society. By leveraging deep learning techniques, such as Neural Networks, in mechatronics and robotics, innovative solutions can be developed to enhance security systems, enabling more effective detection and prevention of apartment crimes. To evaluate the performance of our trained network, we conducted extensive experiments on a separate test dataset that was distinct from the training data. We meticulously labeled this dataset to obtain accurate ground truth annotations for comparison. By measuring precision scores, we determined the effectiveness of our model in detecting potential crimes. Our experiments yielded an accuracy rate of 97 % in the detection of potential crimes. This achievement demonstrates the capability of YOLO and the effectiveness of our trained network in accurately identifying criminal activities. The high accuracy rate indicates that our system can effectively assist in property protection efforts, providing a valuable tool for security personnel and law enforcement agencies.
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    Design and evaluation of a smart indoor air quality monitoring system
    (Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2023-02-28) Rudavskyi, Ivan; Klym, Halyna; Popov, Anatoliy; Lviv Polytechnic National University; University of Latvia
    This paper presents the design and development of an intelligent air quality monitoring system that utilizes the widely adopted and versatile Arduino Uno microcontroller as its foundational platform. The system underwent comprehensive testing procedures to ensure its adherence to specified requirements. Moreover, a series of experiments were conducted in diverse areas of a residential environment to generate datasets for various air quality indicators. The research findings showcase the potential of the developed system in accurately monitoring and assessing indoor air quality in real time. Enhancing indoor air quality plays a crucial role in mitigating the transmission of common airborne viruses and pollutants, thus significantly benefiting respiratory health.
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    Зміст до “Вимірювальна техніка та метрологія”
    (Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2023-02-28)
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    Preconditions for the creation of a meat freshness control and identification system
    (Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2023-02-28) Bubela, Tetiana; Bohush, Bohdan; Lviv Polytechnic National University
    The relevance of creating a comprehensive system for meat control and identification to determine its freshness level has been demonstrated in the study. The drawbacks of traditional organoleptic and laboratory methods commonly used for meat inspection were analyzed. The authors presented the advantages and challenges of employing an electronic nose. A design for a meat control and identification system was proposed, which includes an Arduino Uno microcontroller, Raspberry Pi, USB to TTL adapter, gas sensors, color sensor, thermal camera, and image sensor. The proposed implementation of the electronic nose system on a single-board computer demonstrates its success in controlling and identifying meat freshness. A matrix of semiconductor gas sensors, TGS2602, MQ137, and MQ138, is formed as olfactory sensors, and TCS3200 is used as an RGB vision sensor, enabling the identification of the smell and color of different degrees of meat freshness. To obtain clear output differences from the gas sensors that react to the freshness level of meat, the baseline method is proposed for use. Therefore, a system enhanced with neural network capabilities will replace traditional devices for identifying meat freshness.
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    Measurement and analysis of agricultural field state using cloud-based data processing pipeline Preventing potential robbery crimes using deep learning algorithm of data processing
    (Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2023-02-28) Prodan, Roman; Shutka, Denys; Tataryn, Vasyl; Lviv Polytechnic National University
    The increasing demand for precision agriculture has prompted the integration of advanced technologies to optimize agricultural practices. This article presents an approach to agricultural field data processing using a cloud-based data pipeline. The system leverages data from various sensors deployed in the fields to collect real-time information on key parameters such as soil moisture, temperature, humidity, etc. The collected data is transmitted to the cloud where it undergoes a series of data processing and analysis stages. The article demonstrates the effectiveness of the cloud-based data pipeline in enhancing agricultural resilience. It facilitates prompt decision-making by farmers and stakeholders based on real-time data analysis. Additionally, the system offers a valuable tool for monitoring and optimizing irrigation strategies, resource allocation, and crop management practices. This research highlights the potential of cloud-based data pipelines in revolutionizing precision agriculture. The ability to measure and analyze agricultural field data accurately and efficiently opens new avenues for sustainable farming practices and mitigating risks related to wildfires and droughts.