Принципи формування житлових утворень на постпромислових територіях

Abstract

В дисертації визначено теоретичні основи та методики пристосування постпромислових територій до сучасних потреб міста та підходи до формування якісного житлового середовища на даних територіях. Визначено специфіку пристосування постпромислових територій під житлові утворення в контексті збереження духу місця та локальної ідентичності. Виявлено функціонально-просторові прийоми якісної містобудівної організації житлових утворень на постпромислових територіях, що сприяють швидкій їх соціалізації без створення навантаження на сформовану міську структуру. Сформульовано принципи формування житлових утворень на постпромислових територіях. Розроблено методичні рекомендації щодо етапності виконання проектів пристосування постпромислових територій під нові функції, зокрема під житло. В диссертации определены теоретические основы и методики приспособления постпромышленных территорий к современным потребностям города и подходы к формированию качественной жилой среды на данных территориях. Определена специфика приспособления постпромышленных территорий под жилые образования в контексте сохранения духа места и локальной идентичности. Обнаружено функционально-пространственные приемы качественной градостроительной организации жилых образований на постпромышленных территориях, способствуют быстрой их социализации без создания нагрузки на сложившуюся городскую структуру. Сформулированы принципы формирования жилых образований на постпромышленных территориях. Разработаны методические рекомендации по этапности выполнения проектов приспособления постпромышленных территорий под новые функции, в частности под жилье. Dissertation research aims to determine the theoretical foundations and methods of adapting post-industrial sites of the city to it’s actual needs and approaches of creating qualitative living environment in these areas. The thesis defines main approaches of qualitative residential environment formation on these territories. The specifics of brownfields adaptation for residential formations in the context of preserving the spirit of place and local identity were determined. Functional and spatial methods of high-quality urban planning of residential buildings on postindustrial territories which promote their rapid socialization without creating a load on the formed urban structure are revealed. Main principles of housing complexes on brownfield sites are formulated. The methodical recommendations for implementation phasing consuming adaptation of postindustrial sites for new functions, in particular for housing, have been developed. In the first section "Theoretical preconditions of the postindustrial territories development" is outlined the multidisciplinarity of the issue and the theoretical sources that cover the process of postindustrial territories adaptation, including those for residential formations, are analyzed. The concept of multifunctional housing complexes is investigated. The factors of reverse interaction of postindustrial territory and its environment are determined. In the second section "The case study of the housing formations on postindustrial territories" are analyzed the general methods of research and case studies of objects, similar in its problems, approximate by the content and topics of this study to determine the most effective methods of research. A number of indicators of the quality of the city form are identified, which should be considered as a quality criterion for certain parts of the city, in particular for postindustrial territories. In the third section "Functional transformation of postindustrial territories in the world practice" the foreign and domestic experience of adapting postindustrial territories to residential formations is analyzed. Functional and spatial peculiarities of brownfield redevelopment are determined. By methods of comparison and virtual survey of territories were identified the main common methods of postindustrial territory adaptation in the context of urban redevelopment. In the fourth section "Formation and functioning specifics of residential areas on postindustrial territories in Lviv" the peculiarities of the neighborhood formations development on the postindustrial territories of Lviv were identified and analyzed. The results of the study were summarized to conclusions regarding the observance of the historical context, functional content, integration into the city structure and the friendliness of the created environment. In the fifth section "Approaches and techniques of postindustrial territories urban redevelopment into residential complexes" a comparative analysis of the results of the survey of housing units was carried out. Analyzed objects are classified relatively to the proportion of functional content of housing units in postindustrial territories. Local factors that influence to the quality of the living environment on the macro-, meso- and micro-levels are identified and described. The principle approaches and methodical recommendations for adaptation of postindustrial territories for residential complexes were formulated.