Методика композиційного формування світлових візуально-просторових образів міста

Abstract

У статті розкрито послідовність методів композиційного формування візуально- просторових образів міста із застосуванням засобів світлових інсталяцій. Виокремлено прийоми моделювання світлових візуально-просторових образів та вказано пріоритетність їхнього застосування у периферійній і центральній зонах міста та його історичному ядрі.The author of article analyzes development, trends and rules for forming the lighting system of the urban space. The main purpose of this thesis study is to identify the means and methods of use of light installations in forming a composite image of the urban space and the development of recommendations for the modeling light images of the city. The hypothesis of the article is that the light environment planning of cities should reflect objective compositional characteristics of urban space and ensure the formation of a comfortable, functional and aesthetic environment by applying light installations. The object of study is the composition and light images of urban spaces, the subject - methods and application means of light installations in architecture of the urban spaces. The sequence of the methods of compositional techniques of forming the visual-dimensional images of the city using the means of light installations are presented in this article. The sequence of the methodological guidelines corresponds to the following phases: 1) preliminary studies of features of the architectural and urban planning structure of the urban space; 2) determination of the light installation character; 3) determination of compositional techniques of modeling the visual-dimensional images of the city using the means of light installations. The author formulates the following methods of composite modeling of light visual-dimensional images of the city architecture: 1. Transformation: change of perception of the space form and image (the light installation affects the fundamental changes in perception of space by introducing new elements, suchas “light curtain”, “light sculpture” and “pseudo-architecture” whose visual activity is emphasized during hours of darkness); 2. Accentuation: underlining the existing dominant or creating a new one (it effects the change in the hierarchy of perception of space using the possibility of adjusting the parameters of artificial light: intensity, brightness, color and temperature); 3. Dispersal: emphasizing the components of space (achieved by means of light and color zoning). A priority of its application in the peripheral, central areas and historical core of the city are specified also. This methodology is based on architectural and urban planning approaches and general and applied research methods which is focused on the study of architectural and urban planning. Each of the principles of urban planning is achieved by using corresponding means. Thus, the results of the conducted studies made it possible to identify the historical and architectural background for appearing of and the current tendencies of light installations; identify features, means, techniques and methods of their being applied in the urban space; as well as develop guidelines for forming light visual-dimensional images of the city using the means of light installations.