Соціально-орієнтовані інтернет-джерела дослідження єврореволюції 2013–2014 рр. в Україні

Abstract

Висвітлено роль і значення соціальних мереж в організації революційних та протестних рухів в Україні восени 2013 р. – навесні 2014 р. Досліджується специфіка та особливості історичних джерел про події Єврореволюції 2013–2014 рр. в Україні, що представлені в соціальних мережах. The article considers the current problem of investigation of the role and importance of social networks in the organization of Ukrainian revolutionary and protest movements from autumn 2013 to spring 2014. The specifics and peculiarities of historical sources about the Eurorevolution events of 2013-2014 in Ukraine, which are presented in social networks, are studied. The increasing of the social network’s role as a source of historical information during events of Eurorevolution in Ukraine in 2013–14 are proved based on the specific facts. The main advantages of social networking are commented, it is as follows: ability to quickly consolidate the interested users, conduct surveys, share of ideas and organize the actions of users; the ability to unite Ukrainian citizens at many levels (at the level of families, communities, organizations, cities, regions, countries and the world). The social network’s key role in the beginning and development of the revolution as the mobilization and organization of forces took place via Facebook, Vkontakte and Twitter are played. The phenomenon of community “EuroMaidan” is commented. Community “EuroMaidan” in March by means of Facebook is established. This community over 279,000 users is quickly increasing and is taken: the first place by popularity among Ukrainian pages on Facebook, the first place among Ukrainian pages by the growth rate of adherents for one month, the sixth place in the world by number of adherents in Ukraine. The two groups of the most important historical sources are separate based on analysis of the social network content. There are sources of text, photo and video documentation. The specificity of eyewitness accounts (public activists, political leaders and local residents) of the revolutionary events is substantiated. Testimony from political leaders the information on the epicenter of the revolutionary events that are the most informative for a historian is contained. Interactive communication with eyewitnesses of events due to the modern Internet technologies is defined as a new tool of modern historical investigations. The part of content on social networks, which publishes the records manager’s documentation, is analyzed. Acts, in which construed or confirmed facts and events, which related to the activities of establishments or their structural subdivisions, actions of officers, are selected among the total number of documents. The importance of photos and video documents using for research of Contemporary history of Ukraine are defined. Among the specific features of video documents about Eurorevolution in Ukraine in 2013–14 are selected their dynamics and complexity. In summary, it can be concluded that: 1. The events of Eurorevolution in 2013–2014 became the subject of special interest of users of social networking; 2. Information that represented in the social networks as Facebook, Vkontakte andTwitter covers a wide range of problems related to the study of history protest movement in Ukraine during the events of Eurorevolution in 2013–14; 3. The World Wide Web offers various information portals with different capabilities. They satisfy the needs of history researchers of various levels – from amateurs to professional scientists; 4. Information potential of social networks, as Facebook, Vkontakte, Twitter, concerning the scientific study of Eurorevolution in 2013–14, text, photos, and video information, which is the primary historical source for the researcher, are suggested; 5. Since the content of all social networking is personified, the researcher can apply to witnesses and update all details. Thus, in the ХХІ century the historian who studies of modern events, a new research tool – a social network with its multichannel and feedback communication – is used for their investigations; 6. The effective online-search work of the historian in social networks depends on its information and communication competencies and skills; 7. Internet-content, which includes historical information, can to be removed or temporarily closed to unauthorized users. Therefore, the researcher faced with the task of operational monitoring of information content, copying and archiving of historical sources. 8. Social networks become the universal encyclopedias of social and political events that combine text, photo, audio and video information about events of Eurorevolution in 2013-–2014 in Ukraine.