Вплив євроінтеграційних процесів на розвиток туристичного ринку в Україні

Abstract

Розглянуто стан міжнародного ринку туристичних послуг та туристичного ринку України, представлено динаміку темпів зростання вітчизняного туристичного ринку порівняно з ринками розвинених країн та країн, що розвиваються, проаналізовано туристичний потенціал України через призму наявної туристично-рекреаційної інфраструктури. Встановлено, що темпи зростання вітчизняного ринку туризму повільніші, ніж в інших країнах, що розвиваються, але перевищують темпи зростання розвинених країн. Висвітлено вплив процесу євроінтеграції, співпраці України з ЄС на розвиток вітчизняного туристичного ринку. Визначено перелік заходів у сфері державної політики щодо регулювання ринку туристичних послуг у контексті євроінтеграції. In the article the situation on the international tourism market and the market of Ukraine is described, dynamics of the Ukrainian tourism market in comparison with the markets of developed countries and developing countries is presented growth, the tourism potential of Ukraine in the light of the existing tourist and recreational infrastructure is analyzed. It was established that the growth rate of the domestic tourism market is slower than in the developing countries, but higher than the growth rate of the developed countries. The effects of the European integration process and cooperation between Ukraine and the EU on the development of the domestic tourism market are presented. The list of measures in the field of public policy on the regulation of the tourist market is given. Ukraine has significant and real prospects of tourism development, so it must take one of the worthy places among the countries – world tourism leaders. Today Ukraine is moving towards European integration: the Association Agreement with the EU was signed, various projects in the economic, social, cultural and recreational areas with the assistance of funds, companies and non-governmental organizations of the European Union are organized, and more tourists visit our country, thus creating its image. As tourism in any country has clearly positive impact on improving of the country economic and social situation in important economic sectors: trade, transport, hospitality, dining, construction, etc., it is important to consider and improve the characteristics of the tourism market and the impact of European integration of Ukraine on it. Ukrainian tourist market is growing rapidly compared to other countries. Since 2005 the volume of tourist market in developed countries grew by an average of 6 % a year, in the developing world – an average of 10 %. A grows in the Ukrainian market was an average of 9 % annually, which is close to the rate of growth of the world market, but somewhat less than nthe average market growth rates in developing countries [3]. However, due to the political situation the volume of the domestic tourism market decreased significantly in 2014. To realize the tourist potential of Ukraine fully the state should: provide tourists with comfortable and safe environment in Ukraine; conduct an effective policy of mass tourism, work out its appropriate concept; simplify the visa process and abolish visa requirements for US, Canada, Japan; decrease hotel fee; adopt measures for the improvement of new objects of mass tourism; improve opportunities for the construction and operation of small motels and hotels of family type, which will provide new working places and can be a source of foreign currency earnings. The development of cooperation between Ukraine and the European countries is the main task and one of the main activities of the State Tourism Administration in Ukraine. In the process of cooperation with EU attention should be directed to: simplification of customs formalities connected with paperwork, improving competitiveness of Ukrainian tourism enterprises through introduction of standards in the tourism industry, which would meet European’s, establishment of appropriate training and retraining of qualified personnel employed in the tourism sector, promotion of tourist image of Ukraine among European countries.