Дослідження температурних полів у корпусі термоперетворювача

Abstract

У роботі запропоновано аналітичне дослідження складової інструментальної похибки термо- перетворювачів, спричиненої протіканням тепла під час вимірювання високих температур. Значення вказаної похибки залежить від конструктивного виконання термоперетворювачів, інтенсивності теплообміну із вимірюваним середовищем і особливостей його контакту із зовнішнім середовищем.The choice of ways of obtaining information about the temperature of the surface layers of a moving object is the crucial in determining the type of temperature transducers. This choice depends on the row of specific factors: the speed of movement of the measured object relative the object, the state of the surface, the presence of related agents in near-surface layers, the presence of disturbing factors - noise, vibration, etc. The major factor seems to be the value of the heat carried out from the diagnosed object with the help of intermediate substance. The main method for measuring the temperature of moving and rolling objects is the application of sensors that are fixed near-by moving surfaces in such a manner that become in direct heat contact with them. Then arises the problem of accuracy of the received readouts or/and their interpretation. The study of the instrumental error component of thermotransducers, caused by the heat withdrawal at the measuring the middle-high temperatures, is considered in this paper. The value of this error depends on the design of the thermotransducer and its sensitive element, the intensity of the heat exchange with environment and the features of its contact with the measured object. The physical principles and model foundations of designing thermometers are accessed in the paper. Numerical schemes for computing the thermal state of thermotransducer as well as the method of resolving their constructive parameters are considered. At the same time, the problem of the possibility of an adequate mathematical description on the basis of corresponding physical and mathematical models with the subsequent use of the calculated data for creation of new and optimization of existing thermometric means remains a current topical issue.