Становлення музеології як науки: історіографія дослідження

Abstract

Зроблено спробу висвітлити основні здобутки історіографічних досліджень з проблеми становлення музеології як науки. Виділено напрями музеологічних досліджень та проаналізовано основні дискусійні питання. Зосереджено увагу на суті понять “музеєзнавство,” “музеологія”, “музеалія,” а також охарактеризовано літературу, у якій визначено місце музеології в системі соціогуманітарних наук. Незважаючи на інтенсивний розвиток сучасної музеології, залишається невирішеною низка питань, що стосуються вивчення музеології не тільки, як наукової дисципліни, але і як навчальної дисципліни. Також залишається невирішеним термінологічний інструментарій науки. Contemporary museum world is experiencing a period of transformation due to social challenges. This is the impetus for the development of museology as a scientific discipline that seeks to understand the epistemology of a museum and it’s foundations. There is an increased attention to the problems of museology as a young discipline, its theoretical understanding, improving professional conceptual apparatus evidence of improvement concerning the design of a mature scientific discipline. The article is an attempt to highlight the main achievements of historiographical research in the formation of museology as a science. Relevance of researching the problems of historiography is determined by many factors: the first is the five centuries development of the museum as a social and cultural institution, and triumphal procession of a museum in all cohorts in the twentieth century. And finally, unexpected transformations at the beginning of the 21 century, associated with a large number of papers analyzing different sides of the phenomenon of the museum. In the last three decades, a large number of scientific articles, monographs and books, offering understanding of different aspects of historical, theoretical or practical museology were published. However there are not enough of historiographical works on museology. The article stated that the process of formation of museology as an independent scientific discipline continued throughout the twentieth century. A number of issues and controversial discussions that represent major trends in theory and practice of museology highlight the deep integration of the museum in the social and cultural life of society. The article highlights the main achievements of historiographical studies on the formation of museology as a science. It also highlights the areas of museological research and analyzes the main controversial issues. The paper focuses on the meaning of “museology”, “musealia” and describes the literature in which there is a place of museology in the system of socio humanities. The author concludes that despite the intensive development of modern museology, a number of questions concerning museological study not only as a scientific discipline, but as a discipline in general remain unsolved.