Особливості, логіка та параметри операціоналізації президентсько-парламентського напівпрезиденталізму в країнах Європи
Date
2017-03-11
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Lviv Politechnic Publishing House
Lviv Politechnic Publishing House
Lviv Politechnic Publishing House
Abstract
Аргументовано, що напівпрезидентська система державного правління не є уніфікованою, а
натомість позиціонується різноманітною і гетерогенною структурою міжінституційних відносин. На цій
підставі виокремлено інституційно-процесуальні фактори типологізації напівпрезиденталізму, які
здебільшого обертаються довкола проблематики формування та відповідальності урядів, а також
можливості розпуску легіслатур. У світлі запропонованої типологізації з’ясовано особливості, логіку і
параметри операціоналізації президентсько-парламентської напівпрезидентської системи державного
правління в країнах Європи.
In contemporary Political Science, semi-presidential system of government is usually understood as a structure of inter-institutional relations which simultaneously provides a popularly elected for a fixed termpresident and a prime minister/cabinet collectively responsible to a parlament. Nevertheless, different attributes and indicators of semipresidentialism allow arguing that the analyzed system of government is very diverse and heterogeneous. Institutional and procedural factors of a typology of semi-presidentialism, which mostly revolve around the issues of government formation and responsibility and the possibilities of dissolving legislatures, are a key explanation in this context. This is due to the fact that “adequate” definition of semi-presidentialismshould avoid theoretical and methodological problems of insecurity and endogeneity and also serve as a basis for identification of various types of the analyzed system of government. In this context, the formal institutional and procedural typology of semi-presidentialism, in particular based on consideration of peculiarities of appointment and dismissal of prime ministers, patterns of governments’ responsibility and capabilities of legislatures’ dissolution, is primary and classic. As a result, scientists isolate presidentparliamentarism (president-parliamentary system, president-parliamentary semi-presidentialism) and premierpresidentialism( premier-presidential system, premier-presidential semi-presidentialism). In this context, the problemof analyzing different features, logic and parameters of operationalization of semi-presidential system of government, especially in Europe, is quite relevant, because empirically it is not widespread and theoretically it is extremely difficult. Therefore, the outlined option of semi-presidential systemof government constitutes a subject of the present study.
In contemporary Political Science, semi-presidential system of government is usually understood as a structure of inter-institutional relations which simultaneously provides a popularly elected for a fixed termpresident and a prime minister/cabinet collectively responsible to a parlament. Nevertheless, different attributes and indicators of semipresidentialism allow arguing that the analyzed system of government is very diverse and heterogeneous. Institutional and procedural factors of a typology of semi-presidentialism, which mostly revolve around the issues of government formation and responsibility and the possibilities of dissolving legislatures, are a key explanation in this context. This is due to the fact that “adequate” definition of semi-presidentialismshould avoid theoretical and methodological problems of insecurity and endogeneity and also serve as a basis for identification of various types of the analyzed system of government. In this context, the formal institutional and procedural typology of semi-presidentialism, in particular based on consideration of peculiarities of appointment and dismissal of prime ministers, patterns of governments’ responsibility and capabilities of legislatures’ dissolution, is primary and classic. As a result, scientists isolate presidentparliamentarism (president-parliamentary system, president-parliamentary semi-presidentialism) and premierpresidentialism( premier-presidential system, premier-presidential semi-presidentialism). In this context, the problemof analyzing different features, logic and parameters of operationalization of semi-presidential system of government, especially in Europe, is quite relevant, because empirically it is not widespread and theoretically it is extremely difficult. Therefore, the outlined option of semi-presidential systemof government constitutes a subject of the present study.
Description
Keywords
президент, парламент, уряд, прем’єр-міністр, система державного правління, напівпре- зиденталізм, президент-парламентаризм, країни Європи, president, parliament, government, prime minister, system of government, semi-presidentialism, presidentparliamentarism, European countries
Citation
Литвин В. Особливості, логіка та параметри операціоналізації президентсько-парламентського напівпрезиденталізму в країнах Європи / Віталій Литвин // Humanitarian Vision. — Lviv : Lviv Politechnic Publishing House, 2017. — Vol 3. — No 1. — P. 37–44.