Нові форми промислових будівель із наближенням до нульового енергетичного балансу

Abstract

Розглянуто нові форми промислових об’єктів за роботами Л. Б. Кологривової та досвід реалізації індустріальних об’єктів.In 2017, the author of this study reviewed the works of Russian architect Kologrivaya Lyudmila Borisovna, in particular Patent No. 1728448 for a new form of industrial building, although the holder of the patent examines the engineering and instrument industry, but, according to the author of this study, these forms of buildings can be widely used and other industries. The simplicity of the newest form that Kologrivova L. B. introduced since the 1970s, based on the author's opinion, based on simple criteria for saving resources, in particular, this building can consist of two or three basic elements: 1) a central core, which focuses on engineering networks, sanitary blocks and transport and pedestrian employee flows; 2) the production hall, which, while explaining the central block, forms a spiral from the platforms and ramps, the length of which can be regulated by the production software; 3) administrative-residential block, which can be both above the central core, and also attached from one side of the production hall. An analysis of the construction experience in northern European countries demonstrates other approaches to energy conservation programs – when design solutions that are programmed to complex resource-saving work begin to produce and provide environmental infrastructure, that is, when “passive” homes become “active”. A large number of energy “zero” projects of the Scandinavian countries, convinces the author of the correctness of the chosen research methods. Today, in Ukraine, apart from government programs on energy conservation and misconceptions about the low profitability of the agro-industry, there are only unjustifiably low green standards for the designer of this sector. A large number of objects after their construction (the author relies on his own experience of implementation of the objects listed above) may have changes in the technological process, which is directly related to the very rapid development of the world industry, so there are necessary improvements in technological processes, performance indicators or general adjustment of the vector of activity. These changes, in turn, lead to changes to existing engineering networks and fire safety systems. It is this kind of optimization of enterprises after the completion of construction that leads to the thought of applying the declared methods, in the 1970–80s, Dr. of Architecture, prof. Moscow University Collegiate, when the design uses the building of a circus, or its approximate form with production in a spiral, which immediately provides technological and engineering flexibility. In line with the tendency of developed countries to integrate the economy into a single world space, industry in Ukraine should become a priority sector of the economy. This requires the creation of conditions for the preservation and development of the industrial potential of cities, for economic growth and for strengthening the national security of the country. Energy and resource saving measures, along with the development of secure renewable energy sources, optimization of management and incoming energy delivery, with innovative architectural principles according to L. B. Kologriv, flexible solutions for energy and resource-saving projects of new type buildings, as well as progressive facades the systems will provide – in the long term, the receipt of additional energy to fulfill the task of forming an environmentally sustainable research and production building with zero energy balance.