Створення ефективних ІКТ-платформ електронного урядування інтерактивного типу: аналіз архітектури систем зворотного зв’язку

Abstract

Розглянуто архітектурні особливості побудови систем цільового поширення електронного контенту для побудови інтерактивних платформ електронного урядування у частині систем зворотного зв’язку на основі найхарактерніших та найефективніших архітектур вебкраулерів, а також практичного досвіду компанії Google. Проаналізовано основні особливості реалізування вебкраулерів як систем “глибокого” пошуку й основи для наскрізного моніторингу в державному інтернет-просторі. Подано архітектуру мережевої платформи для фіксації та оброблення подій у реальному часі на основі технологій корпорації Google, що може бути основою для швидкого та ресурсоефективного розгортання систем цільової доставки заданого електронного контенту під час реалізації вибраної стратегії електронного урядування, із наданням відповідній платформі інтерактивних якостей за рахунок реалізації каналів зворотного зв’язку із суспільством.This work examines the architectural features of development an e-content target distribution system for building interactive e-government platforms on feedback systems part based on the most specific and effective web crawler architectures, as well as Google’s practical experience in this field and respective cloud solutions. The main features of implementation of web crawlers are analyzed, as systems of “deep” web searching and basis for cross-monitoring in the state Internet space in the context of software architecture, as well as the difficulties of their integration in the global information and communication space have been given, and outlines for the most expedient ways to overcome them have been drawn. The architecture of a network platform for real-time capturing and processing of events based on Google technologies is presented, which can be the basis for rapid and resource-efficient deployment of targeted delivery of specified electronic content while implementing the chosen e-governance strategy, providing the implemented platform with interactive qualities at the expense of implementation of feedback channels with the society, which are equipped with means of fixing the responses of representatives of the target audience to information messages and the necessary analytical tools (such as Google’s BigQuery and so on). Similar effective (including cloud-based) solutions can also be implemented through social networking platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, Viber digital messengers, Telegram and more. The specific way of implementing such solutions will obviously depend on the chosen state policy and commercial feasibility in the aspect of public-private partnership. For the purposes described above, the so-called Deep Web Searching Engines are suitable, the architecture of which differs significantly from the traditional search engines we are used to in our daily lives. The challenges faced by deep web search systems include connecting to deep (by hierarchy of Internet positioning) web resources, processing and sampling the data they host and are most relevant to the objectives of the task, postulated by developed state informational policy. For example, targeted search for information in many profiles of a group on a social network, in a content (topical) community in a certain forum, etc. The specifics of their application require considerable speed, as it is usually intended to create or supplement large volumes of real-time data to further analyze, track changes and trends. In the future studies based on this work, the authors believe that it is advisable to test the hypothesis of the potential for influencing the intensity of the audience response by changing the intensity of managerial influences using the distribution of some set of identified key messages, which in turn requires the study of the impact indicator to the intensity of audience response on external factors during real-time discussions, the results of which can obviously be extended to similar discussion processes in the Internet space. The relevant analysis could be performed on an open source basis.