Аналіз стану інноваційного розвитку промисловості України

Abstract

Проаналізовано сучасний стан інноваційної діяльності промислових підприємств в Україні у період 2011–2015 рр. Визначено причини, які знижують активність інно- ваційної діяльності, та розроблено пропозиції щодо їх усунення. Зроблено акцент на тому, що стримуваний процес розвитку науково-технічної сфери призводить до деформації структурних елементів економіки та переважання низькотехнологічних виробництв, які є несприйнятливими до наукових досягнень і не здатні забезпечити підвищення конкурентоспроможності економіки. Зроблено висновок про те, що активний розвиток інноваційної діяльності має стати пріоритетним у реформуванні економіки країни.

The article analyzes the current state of innovation activity of industrial enterprises in Ukraine during 2011–2015. The reasons that reduce the innovation activity and suggestions for their elimination are defined. It is claimed in the article that restrained development of scientific and technical sphere leads to deformation of structural elements of the economy and the dominance of low-tech industries, which are impervious to scientific advances and not able to improve the competitiveness of the economy. It is concluded that the active development of innovation activity should be a priority in reforming the economy. The article aims to analyze the state of innovative development of industry in Ukraine. To achieve the goal it is necessary to fulfil the following tasks: – to analyze the dynamics of innovation activity in the Ukrainian industry – to assess the level of funding of innovation activity in the country – to analyze the dynamics of the number of scientific personnel and organizations – to identify positive and negative factors affecting the innovative activity of industrial enterprises. – to develop recommendations for increasing innovation activity of domestic enterprises. Results of the research. Active innovation activity of Ukrainian industrial enterprises is not high and is an indicator of a strong tendency towards further decline. During 2011 – 2015 the number of enterprises with innovation activity decreased by 49.1%, while their share in the total number of industrial enterprises increased by 1.1%. The level of innovation activity of enterprises in 2012 reached 17.4%, among the enterprises of processing industry it amounted to 17.1%, mining industry – 8.6%, production and distribution of electricity, gas and water – 13.2%. Innovations were implemented by 13.6% of the total number of industrial enterprises (in 2011 – 12.8% in the mining industry – 6.4%, processing industry – 13.9%, production and distribution of electricity, gas and water – 7.3% ). The main source of funding innovation activity in the industry is the own financial resources of enterprises, whose share in total was 97.2% in 2015. Since 2011, Ukraine has seen a steady downward trend in the number of employees of scientific institutions and organizations that perform research and development. In 2015, the number of scientists decreased by almost 8% compared to 2014 year. Conclusions. Innovation active enterprises lack necessary provision to ensure the transition of Ukraine to a new level of economy – the innovative. The reduction in the number of products sold both in Ukraine and abroad, reduced volumes of activity areas: research and development, development of new processes, is getting more and more noticeable. All these are consequences of the recession of real volume of financial support of innovation activity. Today application of innovations should be the main driver in reforming the economy of Ukraine, as the lack of development of scientific and technical sphere causes structural deformation of economy and the dominance of low-tech industries, which are not susceptible to scientific advances and are not able to improve the competitiveness of the economy