Міські ландшафти. сьогодні й завтра

Abstract

Проаналізовано методи творення міськихл андшафтів та об’єктів, що їх формують. Визначено пов’язану з цим проблематику, яка негативно впливає на сучасне середовище проживання людей.For a rather long time it has been declared that the environment created by a man is much more comfortable and better for life. Insane industrialization of the 19th and 20th centuries favoured active development of cities which covered big territories with construction of new districts. Nowadays cities do not develop so actively from the outside, new objects are attempted to be integrated with already existing architecture environment. Sometimes the conditions for designers are so uncomfortable whilst the wishes of investors are so immense that the consequences of such activity are rather fatal. It is worth mentioning that during last two centuries sometimes consciously and sometimes as a result of uncritical following fashionable architecture trends, a lot was done for eliminating the principle of combining architecture composition with already existing environment from architectural urban planning practice. Current stage of architecture development for which a quick information exchange is peculiar, creates big opportunities for uncritical use of the experience of other countries in architecture design sphere. Thanks to technical achievements new tendencies of shape creating, new approaches to design that have found an application in one country are becoming the acquirement of the world architecture community. Ukrainian architects also use this information, borrow foreign experience, transfer it to Ukrainian ground absolutely not taking into consideration that the object, which is taken as an example, is located in a completely different environment than the one where the analogue exists. It leads to the situation that while adapting such a building in the conditions of the territory with already existing construction the designed object, irrespective of all innovations of its architecturally-graphic solution, does not improve the existing situation, on the contrary, it leads to unjustified compression of the construction, fatal aesthetics of street spaces and inconveniences of territory functional exploitation. Nowadays for a modern architect it is not only important to design a unique, big in size and significance building but also to know professionally how to adapt it into existing environment of urban landscape. It is possibly the first and foremost task as excessive size often creates exploitation discomfort and its uniqueness is connected with excessive expenses. The comfort of a person being in the designed object as well as functional, aesthetic and environmental comfort have always been the main task of an architect.