Застосування розчинів пероксиду водню для очищення поверхні пам’яток архітектури з каменю
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Date
2019-03-20
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Видавництво Львівської політехніки
Abstract
Вивчено застосування розчинів пероксиду водню різної концентрації, а саме 1 %, 17 %,
35 % для очищення поверхні кам’яного вазону з фронтону головного входу костелу Св. Миколаю
в с. Вижняни Золочівського району Львівської області. Визначення концентрації розчину
пероксиду водню здійснювали перманганатометричним титруванням у кислому середовищі.
Розчини пероксиду водню концентрації 17 % та 35 % розбавляли під час титрування до
концентрації 0,3 моль/л. Під час оброблення розчин пероксиду водню різної концентрації
наносили на поверхню кам’яного вазону. При цьому відбувався розклад пероксиду водню з
виділенням молекулярного кисню та води, що зумовлювало розпушування забруднень. Після
оброблення щітками забруднення видалялися з поверхні вазону. Оброблення поверхні
здійснювали декілька разів. Установлено, що найефективнішим для очищення є розчин
пероксиду водню концентрацією 35 %, який забезпечував повне видалення забруднень з поверхні
каменю. За літературними даними та проведеними експериментами, найімовірнішим
каталізатором розкладу пероксиду водню на поверхні каменю є фермент каталаза, що міститься
в мікроорганізмах, присутніх на органічних забрудненнях. Також ініціювати розклад пероксиду
водню можуть солі металів змінної валентності, наприклад, іони заліза, які можуть бути присутні
на поверхні пам’яток архітектури, виготовлених з каменю. Застосування розчинів пероксиду
водню забезпечувало також антисептичне оброблення поверхні.
The use of solutions of hydrogen peroxide of different concentrations, namely 1 %, 17 %, 35 %, for cleaning the stone vazon surface from the pediment of the main entrance of the church of St. Nicholas in the village of. Vizhnyans of Zolochiv district of Lviv region. Determination of the concentration of the solution of hydrogen peroxide was carried out by permanganametometric titration in acidic medium. Solutions of hydrogen peroxide concentration of 17 % and 35 % were diluted during titration to a concentration of 0.3 mol / liter. During processing, a solution of hydrogen peroxide of different concentrations was applied to the surface of a stone vase by a brush. At the same time there was a schedule with the release of molecular oxygen and water, which caused the loosening of contaminants. After brushing, the contamination was removed from the surface of the vase. Surface treatment was carried out several times. It has been found that the most effective for purification is a solution of 35 % hydrogen peroxide, which with the maximum efficiency laced pollution, weakening their links with the base and ensuring their complete removal by mechanical action from the surface of the stone. The solution of hydrogen peroxide of 17 % concentration also showed a similar effect, but the purifying the effect was much weaker, and 1 % solution of peroxide did not provide cleaning of the surface of the stone from contamination. Contamination contained on the surface of architectural monuments, made of stone, usually contain microscopic living organisms. According to literature data and experiments carried out, the most probable catalyst for decomposition of hydrogen peroxide on the surface of a stone is the enzyme catalase contained in microorganisms present in organic contaminants. Catalase is widespread in various microorganisms. Under normal physiological conditions, it regulates the content of hydrogen peroxide in the body, prevents its toxic effects, plays an important role in the process of aging. During the processing of aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide, monuments of stone architecture, it is possible to interact with microorganisms contained in contaminants, while the catalase, the enzyme included in their composition, accelerates the course of the reaction of the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide 2H2O2 = 2H2O + O2 the mechanism of which can be submitted by the following scheme: CAT + H2O2→ CAT- H2O2 CAT- H2O2 + H2O2 → CAT + 2H2O + O2 Also, initiating a decomposition of hydrogen peroxide can be valence variable metal salts, such as iron ions that can be present on the surface of architectural monuments made of stone. The use of solutions of hydrogen peroxide also provided an antiseptic surface treatment.
The use of solutions of hydrogen peroxide of different concentrations, namely 1 %, 17 %, 35 %, for cleaning the stone vazon surface from the pediment of the main entrance of the church of St. Nicholas in the village of. Vizhnyans of Zolochiv district of Lviv region. Determination of the concentration of the solution of hydrogen peroxide was carried out by permanganametometric titration in acidic medium. Solutions of hydrogen peroxide concentration of 17 % and 35 % were diluted during titration to a concentration of 0.3 mol / liter. During processing, a solution of hydrogen peroxide of different concentrations was applied to the surface of a stone vase by a brush. At the same time there was a schedule with the release of molecular oxygen and water, which caused the loosening of contaminants. After brushing, the contamination was removed from the surface of the vase. Surface treatment was carried out several times. It has been found that the most effective for purification is a solution of 35 % hydrogen peroxide, which with the maximum efficiency laced pollution, weakening their links with the base and ensuring their complete removal by mechanical action from the surface of the stone. The solution of hydrogen peroxide of 17 % concentration also showed a similar effect, but the purifying the effect was much weaker, and 1 % solution of peroxide did not provide cleaning of the surface of the stone from contamination. Contamination contained on the surface of architectural monuments, made of stone, usually contain microscopic living organisms. According to literature data and experiments carried out, the most probable catalyst for decomposition of hydrogen peroxide on the surface of a stone is the enzyme catalase contained in microorganisms present in organic contaminants. Catalase is widespread in various microorganisms. Under normal physiological conditions, it regulates the content of hydrogen peroxide in the body, prevents its toxic effects, plays an important role in the process of aging. During the processing of aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide, monuments of stone architecture, it is possible to interact with microorganisms contained in contaminants, while the catalase, the enzyme included in their composition, accelerates the course of the reaction of the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide 2H2O2 = 2H2O + O2 the mechanism of which can be submitted by the following scheme: CAT + H2O2→ CAT- H2O2 CAT- H2O2 + H2O2 → CAT + 2H2O + O2 Also, initiating a decomposition of hydrogen peroxide can be valence variable metal salts, such as iron ions that can be present on the surface of architectural monuments made of stone. The use of solutions of hydrogen peroxide also provided an antiseptic surface treatment.
Description
Keywords
пероксид водню, каталаза, поверхня каменю, hydrogen peroxide, catalase, stone surface
Citation
Волошинець В. А. Застосування розчинів пероксиду водню для очищення поверхні пам’яток архітектури з каменю / В. А. Волошинець, О. С. Стасюк, М. В. Каплінська // Вісник Національного університету “Львівська політехніка”. Серія: Архітектура. — Львів : Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2019. — Том 1. — № 1s. — С. 128–131.