Моделювання та підвищення ефективності скануючих антен на базі лінійних решіток

Abstract

Виконано моделювання лінійних антенних решіток, що забезпечують сканування напряму головної пелюстки в одній з площин. Показано, що у разі зміни напрямку випромінювання суттєво змінюється значення коефіцієнта спрямованої дії антени. Розглянуто причини виникнення вказаного недоліку та запропоновано способи його усунення, захищені запропонованими патентами.The modeling of linear antenna arrays, which ensure scanning of the direction of the main petal in one of the planes, has been conducted. It has been shown that when changing the direction of their radiation, the value of the coefficient directional antenna action substantially changes. The causes of the specified disadvantage occurrence have been reviewed and the ways of eliminating, which are protected by the proposed patents, have been depicted. In a scanning antenna on the basis of antenna arrays for any direction of the main petal are used N radiators. For a normalized, relative to the wavelength, distance between them must be satisfied the condition dn <0.5. This provides one main petal diagram for all directions of scanning: from the axial – directed along the antenna array axis; to the transverse – directed normal to its axis. But when the direction of the main petal from the axial to the transverse is changed, the directional action of the antenna is reduced by almost twice, which causes the deterioration of the indacators ot the radio communication system. The essence of increasing the efficiency of scanning antennas is to eliminate this disadvantage and is based on the proposed patents. Antenna array, with a pair N, is supplemented by additional N / 2 analogue emitters. The normalized distance between them increases to 2dn. The main emitters are used at axial radiation. But for transverse – only N / 2 main emitters with odd numbers are used and all N / 2 additional. The normalized distance between the selected emitters is 2dn. It is shown that for transverse radiation it is possible to increase the normalized distance by two times, and the directional action coefficient is almost the same as in the case of axial radiation.