Становлення і розвиток правової освіти та науки на юридичному факультеті Львівського університету (XVII–XX ст.): історико-правове дослідження

Abstract

У дисертації на підставі аналізу архівних матеріалів та наукової літератури досліджено правову природу, історію становлення і розвитку правової освіти та науки на юридичному факультеті Львівського університету в XVII–XX ст. Встановлено та проаналізовано період заснування Львівського університету та курси права у його навчальних програмах у 1661–1773 рр. Розкрито процес утворення та розвиток юридичного факультету Львівського університету: кафедральну структуру, професорсько-викладацький склад, наукові праці в 1784–1871 рр. З’ясовано особливості організації навчально-наукового процесу на юридичному факультеті в 1871–1939 рр. як основи виокремлення головних наукових шкіл. В диссертации на основе анализа архивных материалов и научной литературы исследовано правовую природу, историю становления и развития правового образования и науки на юридическом факультете Львовского университета в XVII–XX вв. Исследован период основания Львовского университета и курсы права в его учебных программах в 1661–1773 годах. Раскрыто процесс образования и развития юридического факультета Львовского университета: кафедральную структуру, профессорско-преподавательский состав, научные работы в 1784–1871 годах. Исследованы особенности организации учебно-научного процесса на юридическом факультете в 1871–1939 годах как основания выделения видных научных школ. On the basis of analysis of archival material and scientific literature, the legal nature, the origins and development of legal education and science at the Faculty of Lviv National University in XVII–XX centuries are investigated. The period of Lviv University founding and the establishment of law courses in its training programs in 1661–1773 are researched. It is shown the formation and development of the law faculty of Lviv National University, in separate, its cathedral structure, faculty, research work in 1784–1871. With the purpose to improve the situation for the effective administration of the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, the Austrian Emperor Joseph II in 1784 restored Lviv University. The Faculty of Law was established at the University under his privilege, the goal of the faculty was education of trained and professional bureaucratic apparatus of the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria. To organize educational and scientific process at the newly established Faculty of Law of University of Lviv, the prospective professors and lawyers, students of the leading contemporary experts in the field of jurisprudence K. Martin and J. Zonnenfels were sent to the University. Among them A. Pfleher was (the first head of the department of natural law, law of nations and institutions), B. Borzaha (the first head of the department of civil and criminal law), J. Ambros (the first head of the canon law department) and D. Kofil (the first head of the department of political studies and Austrian law). The mentioned four departments were the first chairs at the newly established Faculty of Law, the first dean of which B. Borzaha was. The features of educational and scientific process at the Faculty in 1871–1939 are investigated as a basis for distinguishing its major schools. The basic features of scientific activity of the law faculty at Lviv University in the late nineteenth - the first third of the twentieth century are also established and analyzed. The development of legal education and science at the University, unfortunately, took place under the conditions of political and ideological pressure of the state. Those conditions hampered their development and partially isolated them from the world of legal thought. However, there are strong grounds to consider that legal education and legal science of the University has deep roots and tradition of its own development. Relevance of the research is dictated by the necessity of a scientific understanding of this tradition.