Хімія та хімічні технології (CCT-2013). – 2013 р.
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У збірнику опубліковано матеріали конференції, присвяченої проблемам у галузі хімії та їх хімічних технологій. Видання призначено для науковців, аспірантів, студентів.
Хімія та хімічні технології : матеріали ІІI Міжнародної конференції молодих вчених CCT-2013, 21–23 листопада 2013 року, Україна, Львів / Міністерство освіти і науки, молоді та спорту України, Національний університет "Львівська політехніка". – Львів : Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2011. – 192 c. – (4-й Міжнародний молодіжний фестиваль науки "Litteris et Artibus"). – Паралельний титульний аркуш англійською.
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Item Multiple Use of Silica-Alumina Catalyst in Hydrocarbon Resins Production(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Voronchak, Taras; Nykulyshyn, Irena; Rypka, Anna; Gnativ, ZorianaHydrocarbon resins synthesis from C9 fraction of liquid products of diesel fuel pyrolysis when using activated bentonite clay as a catalyst at multiple use of the latter has been studied. Process is analysed in terms of the resin yield and its properties including average molecular weight, colour and bromine number. The results obtained are explained considering the catalyst characteristics. The process when using the used catalyst undergone to high temperature regeneration has also been carried out. The catalyst regeneration has been studied by thermogravimetric analysis. Reasonable application areas of the used catalyst are suggested.Item Catalytic Cooligomerization of Terpenic and Aromatic Hydrocarbons(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Gnativ, Zoriana; Rypka, Anna; Voronchak, Taras; Nykulyshyn, IrenaMain regularities of cationic cooligomerization of terpenic hydrocarbons, being contained in turpentine, and aromatic hydrocarbons, being contained in C9 fraction of diesel fuel pyrolysis liquid products, have been found out. Homogeneous complex of aluminium chloride with ethyl acetate in organic solvent (xylene) has been suggested as a new efficient catalyst of the process.Item Покажчик авторів(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013)Item Features of Stressed State and Properties of Glass Tempered by Contact Method(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Zheplynskyy, Taras; Serkiz, OksanaThe main advantages of the new energy-saving method of glass tempering are described. It was found that the thickness of the strengthened layer and the ratio of tensile to compressive stresses is greater than in a traditional method. The influence of tempering on the value of microhardness and contact angle of glass surface was investigated.Item Adsorption mechanisms in a view of DFT and clustering-based models(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Ziółkowska, Magda; Duda, Jan T.; Milewska-Duda, JaninaThe paper describes two approaches to mathematical description of adsorption mechanisms aimed at identification of materials porous structure, i.e. the Density Functional Theory (DFT) and the clustering based theory of adsorption (uniBET). Essential assumptions of the both theories, concerning the pore structure description, are compared and application areas are outlined for them.Item The kinetics of filtration drying of comminuted "energetic" willow(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Mosyuk, М.; Atamanyuk, V.; Basarapa, P.; Yandrus, M.Drying is a complicated process of the heat-massexchange, which is widely used in the chemical industry as an intermediate or final stage of manufacture, on which effective organization the quality and the prime cost of a released product are dependent. More than 15% of the mined combustible is used for drying processes. Because of the usage of theoretically substantiated drying schedules and some obsolescent facility in the industry, they need in two and a half or three times more energy for the drying processes than for transforming of moisture to stream. It is known that Ukraine is an energy-dependent state and is able to satisfy only the minor part of its requirements, the another part is imported. That's why this scientific research is an acute problem and is directed to the analysing and diminishment of the energetic consumption during the production of alternative fuel.Item Comparison of extraction methods for the determination of essential oil content and composition of lavender leaves(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Adaszyńska-Skwirzyńska, Michalina; Śmist, Małgorzata; Swarcewicz, MariaIn this paper, comparison of the volatile components composition in the samples obtained by hydrodistillation of Lavandula angustifolia leaves is described. The comparison of the lavender essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation in the Deryng and Clevenger type apparatus, according to the pharmacopoeial methods (FP VI and VII), showed the presence of the same terpenoids in both essential oils, however, the relative percentage composition of the components were different. The oils contain 37 identified compounds, of which the main are: borneol and caryophyllene oxide. Most of the compounds identified in the oils belong to monoterpenoids group (61.9-71.09%). The essential oils yields, measured after distillation according to Polish Pharmacopoeia VI (Deryng apparatus, 3 h) and VII (Clevenger type apparatus, 2 h), were the same and amounted to 0.45% v/w.Item Novel functional surface active monomers for synthesis of reactive surface active copolymers(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Borzenkov, Mykola; Hevus, OrestNovel surface active monomers based on derivatives of ω-hydroxy carboxylic acids have been synthesized. Synthesized monomers sufficiently reduce surface tension at the aqueous solution-air interface. The copolymerization of synthesized monomers with commercial monomers in solvent and emulsion copolymerization of synthesized peroxide containing surface active monomer with styrene have been carried out. The synthesized surface active monomers have been shown to be suitable emulsifiers for obtaining polystyrene colloid dispersions. It has been ascertained that obtained surface active copolymers can form the stable interpolyelectrolyte complexes with oppositely charged polymers.Item Productivity of Self-Suction Mixers on Expense Coefficient(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Storozhenko, V.; Shabratsky, S.Self-suction mixers are the most effective mixing devices which are used in technological schemes applying aggressive of a gas ous reagents. The known methods and calculations of mixer productivity for a gas phase are mainly associated with increased rotational speed and a mixer diameter. Changing these parameters automatically increases power to mixing. The article presents the results of research to increase the productivity of the gas by increasing the discharge coefficient..Item Bitumen emulsions based on Ukrainian surface-active substances(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Pyshyev, Serhiy; Grytsenko, Yuriy; Koval, TetyanaBitumen emulsions can be obtained based on surface-active substances (SAS) according to DSTU B V.2.7- 129:200 produced at JSC “Barva” (Ukraine). These emulsions meet the demands of mentioned standard relative to sieve residue homogeneity, storage quality after 7 and 14 days and conventional viscosity at 25 C.Item Effect of oxidant:feedstock ratio on the black coal oxidative desulphurization(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Prysiazhnyi, Yuriy; Pyshyev, Serhiy; Gynka, VolodymyrThere are two interrelated factors in the process of coal oxidative desulphurization: time and oxidant consumption ratio. However, the total amount of air fed per feedstock unit has the key effect.Item The Interaction of 5-hydroxyimino-4-imino-1,3-thiazolidin-2-one with Platinum(IV) Ions(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Lozynska, Lesya; Tymoshuk, OleksandrThe work is devoted to the study of platinum(IV) ions with a new organic reagent – 5-hydroxyimino-4-imino-1,3-thiazolidin-2-one (HITO). The optimum conditions of interaction: pH = 5.0 (acetate buffer), 60 min heating in a boiling water bath, λmax = 350 nm have been found. The ratio of components in complex Pt(IV):HITO = 1:1 at рН = 5.0 has been established. The molar absorptivity (ε350 = 5.0∙103 L∙mol-1∙cm-1) and detection limit of platinum (Cmin = 2.4∙10-6 mol∙L-1) are calculated.Item Obtain of sulfuric acid at the electrochemical processing of eluates(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Gomelya, M.; Trus, I.; Grabitchenko, V.; Petrichenko, A.It is shown that by the electrolysis of eluates it is possible to obtain sulfuric acid solutions. It was found that in process of electrolysis sulfuric acid concentration can be increased up to 44% at very satisfactory values for the current output. It was found that with increasing current density the rate of electrochemical concentration of sulfuric acid significantly increases at the anode with decreasing acid current efficiency.Item Effect of the Reactants Molar Ratio on the Kinetics of Cycloaddition of 2,3-Dimethylbuta-1,3-diene to 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Kostiv, I.; Marshalok, G.; Yatchyshyn, J.The cycloaddition reaction between 2,3-dimethylbuta- 1,3-diene and 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate proceeds by the second order kinetics. The rate constants increase with the increase in the excess of one of the reactants. The change in the effective rate constants is described by the Michaelis– Menten equation indicating that the reaction proceeds through the initial equilibrium stage of formation of an intermediate complex which then transforms into the product. The effective rate constants, the equilibrium constants of formation of the intermediate complex, and the rate constant of its transformation into the reaction product were determined, as well as the thermodynamic parameters of the formation of the intermediate complex and the activation parameters of the transformation of the intermediate complex into the product. The limiting stage of the reaction is established and its mechanism is suggested.Item The influence of the work space design of the vortex granulator on the nature of the granules movement(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Artyukhov, ArtemObjective – development of an algorithm for determining the optimum configuration of the working space of a vortex granulator, depending on the feed requirements and quality of the finished product. For the first time the numerical and experimental trajectories of granules in a vortex granulator are determined. We analyze the influence of embodiment of the working space of the vortex granulator on the character of the granules therein. The characteristics of the trajectories of the granules in an apparatus of variable working space cross-sectional area is determined and their comparative characteristics are presented in the paper. The obtained results of the research will develop mechanisms to control the movement of granules in the working space of vortex granulation devices.Item Extraction-Photometric Determination Of Cadmium(II) Using 1-(5-benzylthiazol-2-yl)azonaphthalen-2-ol(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Tupys, Andriy; Tymoshuk, OleksandrAbstract – A new analytical reagent for photometric determination of cadmium(II) ions was proposed – 1-(5- benzylthiazol-2-yl)azonaphthalen-2-ol (BnTAN). The complexation reaction between cadmium(II) and BnTAN and was investigated using extraction-photometric method. A sensitive extraction-photometric technique of cadmium determination using 1-(5-benzylthiazol-2-yl)azonaphthalen-2-ol after extraction into toluene was developed. The lowest quantity of cadmium that can be determined is mmin(Cd) = 0,30 μg. The hypothetical scheme of complexation reaction was predicted. The possibility of determination of other transition metals and the selectivity of the technique was studied too.Item The Electrodeposition Kinetics of Modified Lead Dioxide(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Shmychkova, Olesia; Luk’yanenko, Tatiana; Velichenko, AlexanderThe influence of complex ions on kinetics of lead dioxide electrodeposition from methanesulfonate electrolytes was studied. Experimental results are consistent with a mechanism previously proposed in literature for lead dioxide electrodeposition. The presence of ions involved in the electrodeposition solution causes a decrease of rate constants of lead dioxide formation due to co-adsorption phenomena. Oxygen evolution was investigated to test electrocatalytic activity. It is shown, that oxygen overpotential on modified electrodes is significantly higher than on non-modified PbO2-electrode.Item Investigation the structures CdSe/CdS, CdS/CdSe for production of solar cells(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Guminilovych, Ruslana; Shapoval, Pavlo; Yatchyshyn, Yosyp; Kusnezh, Viktor; Sozanskiy, Martyn; Il’chuk, HryhoriyThe process of obtaining CdS and CdSe thin films by a chemical surface deposition method (CSD) has been investigated. The optical transmission, absorption spectra, surface morphology of films and degree of phase uniformity, crystallinity of structures based on CdS and CdSe films have been studied.Item Anodes For a Trivalent Chromium Electroplating Bath(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Kasian, Olga; Velichenko, AlexanderElectrochemical behavior of different anode materials in electrolytes containing trivalent chromium salts was investigated. It was found that current efficiency of Сr(VI)-species strongly depends on the nature of anode material. Some of Ti/Pt electrodes were shown to be n-type semiconductors. Composite materials based on platinized titanium are recommend as anodes for carbamide-containing electrolytes since they characterized by good service life and admissible values of current efficiency of Сr(VI)-species.Item Sorption materials for sequestration Eu(III) modified with functionalized thiakalixarenes(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Lukashova, M.; Belikov, K.; Bryleva, E.; Kharchenko, S.The effective solid extractants for the removal of Eu(III) ions from aqueous solutions were obtained. A number of modified thicalix[4]arenes with phosphoryl groups on upper rim were used as impregnation agents. The obtained materials give sorption capacity of 8-14 mg/g and allow Eu(III) recovery up to 99% from aqueous solutions with average mineralization level.