Environmental Problems
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Item Monitoring the state of environmental safety using phytoindication methods to ensure sustainable development of a technologically loaded city Kremenchuk(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2023-02-28) Kolesnik, Dmytro; Shmandiy, Volodymyr; Kharlamova, Olena; Bezdeneznych, Lilija; Rigas, Tetiana; Kremenchuk Mykhailo Ostohradskyi National UniversityEcological aspects of sustainable development have recently attracted the attention of scientists. The article is devoted to the control of ecological safety based on the study of the state of plantations in the city of Kremenchuk using the method of fluctuating leaf asymmetry as an indicator. The research was conducted in recreational, residential, transport and industrial areas. It was found that the condition of green areasin the city of Kremenchuk is heterogeneous and depends on the level of anthropogenic pressure. Plants growing near traffic routes and in industrial areas are much weaker than those growing in recreational areas.. The main indicator of plant condition in the study was the fluctuating asymmetry of the leaf blade of pyramidal poplar and hanging birch. It was found that the integral values of this indicator differ in different parts of the city with different intensities of anthropogenic impact, with the maximum values observed in industrial and traffic zones where there is an intense impact of pollutants. The results of the study confirm the unfavourable ecological condition of certain areas of the technologically loaded city of Kremenchuk, and also indicate the importance of environmental monitoring of pollution and development of measures to improve the condition of green areas. The results of the study can be used to improve the methodology and theory of ecological safety and urban environmental protection in order to preserve and restore plant populations in cities.Item Condition and quality of the air of the Chernivtsi region(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2023-02-28) Chugai, Angelina; Nedostrelov, Maksym; Bratov, Kostiantyn; Odessa State Environmental UniversityThe question of rating of the condition of the air in the regions of Ukraine is very relevant. An important component is the choice of the optimal rating method. The purpose of the work is to review methodological approaches to the rating of the condition of atmospheric air (on the example of the city of Chernivtsi). The results of the calculation of CAPI and I5 showed that the maximum was noted in 2017 due to abnormally high concentrations of phenol, the minimum was in 2018. The value of I5 is fully correlated with the value of CAPI, which means the expediency of using I5 in particular for rating. According to the value of I5, the quality of the air is characterized by the level of "slightly polluted". Nitrogen dioxide, hydrogen fluoride and formaldehyde were included in the "three" priority pollutants. The value of In changes similarly to CAPI. In comparative analysis for individual regions, it can be used as an alternative indicator. The dynamics of changes in the index AQI for individual pollutants are similar to their time course. At index values of 100%, the air quality is characterized as "poor", although this corresponds to the level of the MRS. According to indicators of sustainable development in the "Ecological systems" category, a significant deterioration of circumstances is noted, for the "Environmental load" category - a significant improvement in circumstances is noted. The condition of the air underwent positive changes until 2018. Since 2019, indicators have deteriorated.Item Strategic Environmental Assessment – Underestimated Tool for Sustainable Subsoil Use(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2022-03-01) Karabyn, Vasyl; Shuryhin, Vladyslav; Shutiak, Sofia; Chmiel, Marek; Kulhánek, Rastislav; Lviv State University of Life Safety; Ukrainian National Bar Association; Politechnika Częstochowska; Comenius University BratislavaStrategic environmental assessment is an effective tool for improving the level of environmental safety in various areas. The purpose of the article is to identify and classify the main tasks of strategic environmental assessment in subsoil use, taking into account its role and functions in the subsoil management system, and to suggest ways to improve environmental safety in subsoil use by means of strategic environmental assessment. The materials for the article were the results of many years of authors' research on various aspects of the methodology for assessing the environmental safety of subsoil use and scientific source analysis. The main research methods were comparison, deduction, analysis, synthesis, and classification. The authors grouped the tools of the strategic environmental assessment into five main groups: analytical, organisational, scientific and technical, control and procedural, and media. Analysis of the legal framework determines the need to finalise the draft of the Subsoil Code to take into account the requirements of the Law of Ukraine “On Strategic Environmental Assessment” in the context of carrying out state examination and assessment of reserves and resources of minerals and establishing conditions for mineral raw materials, drafting industrial development (technological scheme) of the deposit. The classification of the tools of strategic environmental assessment in subsoil use is carried out. Analysis of draft legislation in the field of subsoil use shows positive changes in achieving sustainable development goals. Simultaneously, the authors identified some inconsistencies between different legislative acts and projects.Item Information support of Stebnyk geopark design(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2021-06-01) Mokryi, Volodymyr; Petrushka, Ihor; Dzhumelia, Elvira; Chayka, Oksana; Korolko, Sergiy; Lviv Polytechnic National University; National Academy of Land Forces named after hetman Petro SagaidachnySustainable development of Stebnyk Mining Industrial Area (MIA) is due to low subsoil use culture, negative impact of mining activities on the environment. Potential danger in the territory of influence of the enterprise is created by underground mine workings which are the centers of formation of karsts, and also a tailings dam. Therefore, the development and application of phytomelioration technologies of the tailings pond to stabilize the environmental situation is relevant.Item Conceptual approach to minimalization of environmental hazard for the Pokutsko-Bukovinian Carpathians(Lviv Politechnic Publishing House, 2019-03-20) Masikevych, Andriy; Bukovinian State Medical UniversityThe existing conceptual approaches to assessment of the environmental security of the Eastern Carpathians have been analyzed. The original vision of the mechanism for maintaining sustainable development in the Pokutsko-Bukovinian Carpathians mountain ecosystem is proposed. The methodological approach used to determine the ecological status and the level of environmental safety of mountain areas is based on the use of sanitary-ecological indicators as sensitive determiners of environmental changes under the influence of the anthropogenic factor. For comparison of changes in the mountain ecosystem, the territories of the nature reserve of the mountain region were used as a standard. A system of engineering and management solutions aimed at minimizing environmental hazards in the study area has been developed.Item Sustainable development: complexity and multi-dimensionality(Lviv Politechnic Publishing House, 2019-02-26) Ovchynnikova, Olena; UN System Staff College Knowledge Centre for Sustainable DevelopmentWhen 193 countries adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, the concept of sustainable development received a new wave of attention. The present article argues that divergent views on the concept actually come together to make a system of common values shared by different actors across different intellectual disciples. This, in turn, provides space for experimentation and practical efforts in the area of sustainable development.Item Comparative analysis of key aspects of environmental policy in the field of water security resources in developing countries and EU(Lviv Politechnic Publishing House, 2019-02-26) Mitryasova, Olena; Bezsonov, Yevgen; Smyrnov, Victor; Mats, Andrii; Petro Mohyla Black Sea National UniversityThe article analyzes progress in the field of water resources management in the states of the world in the context of the provisions of the concept of sustainable development. Comparison of countries with different levels of development has allowed us to determine key methodological provisions that are proposed to integrate into the environmental policy of water use at the state level in the developing countries. The approach to the determination of the limit indices of the human impact on the environment is proposed.