Роль сучасних суспільно-політичних рухів у розвитку української державності

Abstract

Розглянуто діяльність суспільно-політичних рухів у сучасній Україні, їх типи та функції, вплив на розвиток громадянського суспільства та демократії. Особливу увагу звернено на аналіз діяльності Народного руху України, руху «Пора», Євромайдан. The article covers the activities of social and political movements in contemporary Ukraine, their types and functions, impact on the development of civil society and democracy. The subject matter of this research is of immediate interest because social and political movements play an important role in the development of the political system, are a form of expression of people’s civil and political involvement. In democratic countries, public political movements act as an important institutional channel for engaging people in politics, forming the ruling elite, developing the state policy. The article generalizes theoretical foundations of the activities of social and political movements, specifies their structural and functional features, expands on the concept of a «social and political movement». It applies general scientific methods such as historical, comparative, structural functional methods. They allow a comprehensive analysis of the evolution of contemporary social and political movements in Ukraine, the reasons of their emergence and results of their activities. A significant empirical base has been applied, including materials from the press that allow analysis of current activities of social and political movements. The following were subject to detailed examination: special features of the functioning of transformation movements (aimed at radical changes in societies); reform movements (aimed at changing only some aspects of the existing social order); rescue movements (aimed at liberating people from such path in life that is considered as sinful), and alternative movements (intended to achieve partial change). Special focus is put on the analysis of the preceding conditions of emergence and activity of the People’s Movement of Ukraine, «Pora» Movement, Euromaidan, their functions are defined and the results of their activity and prospects of further development are shown. Successful social and political movements are transformed with time into political parties or other institutions of civil society.