Modern approaches to solving migration problems: the architectural component of migrants’ socialization

Abstract

Проаналізовано взаємозв’язок між архітектурним типом житла/розселення для мігрантів та інтеграцією такої категорії осіб у структуру корінного населення приймаючої держави. Основними завданнями пропонованої роботи є: розкрити зміст такого явища як міграція та пов’язаних з ним небезпек для розвитку людства і самих мігрантів; встановити взаємозв’язок між формами житла/розселення та процесом асиміляції мігрантів. Вироблено пропозиції щодо застосування архітектурних практик для соціалізації мігрантів.The purpose of the article is to identify and reveal the relationship between the architectural type of housing/resettlement for migrants and the integration of such a category of persons into the structure of the native population of the receiving state. The main objectives of the paper are: to disclose the content of such a phenomenon as migration and the dangers associated with it for the development of humanity and migrants themselves; to consider existing architectural decisions in the world practice in solving the housing problem for migrants, and highlight their features; to establish the relationship between the forms of housing / resettlement and the process of assimilation of migrants; to prove the relevance of such experience for Ukraine in solving similar problems of internally displaced persons; and to generalize the universal achievements of international experience and justify their possible application to improve migration management in Ukraine. While planning the location of housing for migrants, in our opinion, one should consider the different composition of cultures and religions of this category of population. The dispersed type of resettlement would contribute to the harmonious unification of various city dwellers according to different criteria, this way also focusing on their comprehensive integration into a new society. Therefore, in our opinion, the danger in planning such a type of housing and the resettlement of migrants is ghettoization and the possibility of criminalization. Therefore, from the very beginning, the process of resettlement of migrants should be systematic and controlled; housing for migrants should be designed by a multidisciplinary team of architects, sociologists, psychologists and social workers. This will allow combining technical and humanitarian aspects in the design of such housing; when designing the premises for migrants, it is necessary to consider both the interests of migrants and those of the native population, so as not to provoke social tension. As we can see, already existing world experience should be adapted to the needs of Ukraine in addressing the adaptation problems of internally displaced persons.