Гармонійний розвиток та державне регулювання діяльності вищих навчальних закладів України

Abstract

Дослідження присвячене розробленню теоретичних, методологічних і практичних аспектів діяльності закладів вищої освіти України. У роботі висвітлено теоретико-прикладні засади розвитку та державного регулювання діяльності ЗВО України. Розкрито сутність і значення розвитку та державного регулювання діяльності ЗВО. Наведені й охарактеризовані чинники, що впливають на розвиток та державне регулювання діяльності ЗВО. Розроблена концепція гармонійного розвитку та державного регулювання діяльності ЗВО. Висвітлені принципи, описані закономірності гармонійного розвитку та державного регулювання діяльності ЗВО. Розкриті положення аналізування і оцінювання ЗВО, розроблено інтегральний метод їх проведення. Запропоновано механізми залучення інновацій для гармонійного розвитку діяльності ЗВО в умовах державно-приватного партнерства. Розкрито питання фінансово-інвестиційного забезпечення державного регулювання діяльності ЗВО. Исследование посвящено разработке теоретических, методологических и практических аспектов деятельности высших учебных заведений Украины. В работе освещены теоретико-прикладные основы развития и государственного регулирования деятельности вузов Украины. Раскрыта сущность и значение развития и государственного регулирования деятельности вузов. Приведены и охарактеризованы факторы, влияющие на развитие и государственное регулирование деятельности вузов. Разработана концепция гармоничного развития и государственного регулирования деятельности вуза. Освещены принципы, описанные закономерности гармоничного развития и государственного регулирования деятельности вуза. Раскрыты положения анализа и оценки вуза, разработан интегральный метод их проведения. Предложены механизмы привлечения инноваций для гармоничного развития деятельности вуза в условиях государственно-частного партнерства. Раскрыты вопросы финансово-инвестиционного обеспечения государственного регулирования деятельности вуза. The study is devoted to the development of theoretical, methodological and practical aspects of the activity of higher educational institutions of Ukraine. The work covers the theoretical and applied bases of development and state regulation of the activity of Ukrainian universities. The essence and significance of development and state regulation of the activity of universities is revealed. The factors influencing the development and state regulation of the activity of higher educational institutions are described and characterized. The domestic and foreign experience in the development and regulation of the activity of universities was studied and analyzed. The concept of harmonious development and state regulation of the activity of universities is developed. The activity of the university as an object of harmonious development and state regulation is considered. The principles of harmonious development and state regulation of the university activity are highlighted. The laws of harmonious development and state regulation of the university are described. It is established that the introduction of a harmonious way of the development of universities as a concept of state regulation of their activities is connected with the necessity of economic, political, social and, above all, ideological changes. The possibility of introducing and adapting to the changing conditions of the present conception of the harmonious way of university development is substantiated. Harmonization of the development and state regulation of the activities of universities is to find the optimal balance between government regulation and autonomy of universities. Given the imperfection of the implementation of university autonomy, the constraining factor for autonomy of universities is the imperfection of their management, since at this stage we have the advantage of state regulation of the University. The provisions on the analysis and evaluation of the activity of Ukrainian universities and the peculiarities of its state regulation are disclosed. Generalization of the analysis and evaluation of the activities of higher education institutions is carried out. An integrated method for analyzing and evaluating the activity of the university has been developed. The assessment of the state of the university activity at the current stage has been carried out and recommendations on the choice and introduction of a harmonious development path are given. It is established that in Ukraine there are three levels of evaluation of the activity of institutions of higher education, namely: at the departmental level (Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine); at the level of each university; international and domestic independent rating companies. A mathematical model is proposed, in which it is possible to determine how many specialists of prestigious specialties should prepare each higher education institution in order to ensure the maximum effectiveness of the training of specialists. The importance of radical changes in the field of higher education related to the increasing mobility of Ukrainian entrants and the openness of foreign universities, as well as the outflow of intellectual potential abroad are emphasized. The main emphasis in today's university activities is on ensuring the quality of the educational process. It is proved that in the process of reforming the system of higher education in Ukraine, success can be achieved by combining positive foreign experience and national peculiarities. Mechanisms of attracting innovations for the harmonious development of the university activity in the context of public-private partnership are suggested. For this purpose, the classification of innovations in the activities of the university was carried out, types of mechanisms for attracting innovations were considered. A model for attracting innovations in the activity of the university has been developed. Innovation support for the university is divided into the following components: innovation in education, science and organizational and managerial innovations. Educational innovations have a direct impact on the quality of the educational process, scientific related to attracting investment, organizational and managerial changes in the system of management of higher educational institutions in order to ensure its competitiveness and increase the efficiency of functioning. Importance in the activities of Ukrainian universities is given to innovations in science. It has been established that in most developed countries, applied science is concentrated in corporations (innovative structures, business incubators, technology parks), formed through the combination of higher education institutions and industrial enterprises Relying on the positive experience of introducing innovations in countries with a developed system of higher education, the following recommendations for Ukrainian universities are proposed: to study the issue of expanding the field of e-learning in order to develop the market; to consolidate such an educational form at the legislative level; To the Ministry of Education and Science to introduce mechanisms for the attraction of educational innovations in the conditions of the university, drawing on international experience and taking into account the positive and the side of such implementation. It is proved that the introduction of innovations in higher education is an inevitable objective process dictated by the requirements of time. In the conditions of higher education institutions, it is necessary to use such mechanisms of attraction of innovations that will allow to expand the scope of offered services and to bring rewards, in particular, financial. The issues of financial and investment support and state regulation of universities are disclosed. The types of such provision and state regulation of the activity of universities are considered, their classification and characteristics are given. The role of public-private partnership in the financial and investment support of the university is determined. A model of financial and investment support for the activity of the university is proposed.