Функціонально-просторовий розвиток водної рекреації у зоні впливу м. Львова

Abstract

Дисертацію присвячено визначенню теоретичних основ та методики формування водної рекреації у зоні впливу значнішого міста. Представлено особливості, закономірності та принципи функціонально-просторового розвитку рекреаційних територій водних об’єктів у зонах впливу значніших міст, що базуються на взаємодії природного та антропогенного середовища. Визначено історичні періоди розвитку водної рекреації Львова та особливості кожного з них. Здійснено аналіз існуючих рекреаційних територій водних об’єктів та виявлено основні чинники їх формування. Сформовано функціонально-просторову модель розвитку водної рекреації у зоні впливу значнішого міста та запропоновано концепцію її розвитку у зоні впливу Львов на основі оцінки рекреаційного потенціалу територій. Диссертация посвящена определению теоретических основ и методики формирования водной рекреации в зоне влияния значительного города. Представлены особенности, закономерности и принципы функционально-пространственного развития рекреационных территорий водных объектов в зонах влияния значительных городов, основанных на взаимодействии природной среды и антропогенной. Проанализирована эволюция формирования территорий водной рекреации, определены исторические периоды его развития и рассмотрены особенности каждого из них. Исследованье функционирующие рекреационные территории водных объектов, определены факторы, которые оказывают воздействие на их формирование и развитие. Разработана функционально-пространственная модель развития водной рекреации в зоне влияния значительного города и предложена концепция перспективного развития территорий водной рекреации в зоне влияния Львов. The dissertation research is aimed at the definition of theoretical foundations, methods, factors and tools for the formation of a functional-spatial model of a recreational network in the zone of influence of a significant city. The development of recreational areas in the zone of influence of a significant city occurs under the influence of functional and structural processes, which determine the restriction of the availability of natural areas, their spraying and degradation, which adversely affects the quality of recreation. Water resources of the territories serve as factors for the formation of recreational cells due to the spatial heterogeneity of the environment and the wide range of recreational activities that they determine. On the basis of general scientific and interdisciplinary research methods, a comprehensive methodology for the study of functional-spatial networks of water recreation of cities similar to Lviv has been developed, as well as the evolution, the existing state and potential of water resources of territories in the zone of influence of Lviv have been researched. During the study of recreational areas in the zones of influence of cities such as Lviv, the main features of the developed recreational network were revealed. The characteristic of morphological elements are defined. The direct dependence of the quality of the recreational network on the preservation of the natural framework and its diffusion into the urban system was revealed. Characteristics of recreational cells are determined by their localization in the subzone of influence and value of territories. Recreational connections ensure the integrity and barrier-free access of the territories and consist of radial and radial-circular routes. On the basis of the research of the evolution of water recreation in the zone of influence of Lviv, five historical periods of development were identified: I period (end of XVIII - 80th of the XIX century) - sights and entertainments; II period (80s of the 19th - 20th and 20th centuries) - healing; ІІІ period (20th ХХ - 50th ХХ) — water sports; IV period (50th of ХХ - 80th ХХ) - sports, domestic passive and resort; V period (divided into two stages 90's and from 2000 to today) - passive recreation. Investigation of existing recreational centers of water recreation allowed to reveal the factors and problems of the formation of a recreational network, which resulted in a decline in recreational activity and a change in the form of activity on the passive. Recreational network in the zone of influence of Lviv nowadays is characterized by processes of fragmentation of the natural framework, the tearing of recreational connections and segmentation of the coastal zone of the reservoirs. The total quantitative and qualitative assessment of the potential in the zone of influence of Lviv determines the potential for development of the territory in the northeastern and southwest direction. The directions of today's development during the passage of the watershed require the recruitment of recreational activities that will ensure the preservation of the value of natural resources. In the zone of influence of Lviv, reservoirs of various morphological character - reservoirs, restoration quarries, cascades and groups of fishing ponds, as well as rivers, springs and streams in the zone of the watershed and beyond, have been discovered, which allows the development of a wide range of water recreation on them. The basic approaches to the formation of the functional-spatial development model are determined - the spatial integrity of the recreational network and its integration into other systems, activation of recreational activities, dispersion of recreational flows, preservation of natural resources and ecological restoration of reservoirs.A radial-ring model of spatial development is proposed, which consists of transport and natural radial axes, which are joined by the ring axes connecting the radial axes with each other. The functional model is characterized as multifunctional, which directs to the Sideal at the macro level. Formation of the concept of the development of water recreation in the zone of influence of Lviv provides for the unification and linking of dispersed natural areas, dissected by a network of transport routes in the zone of influence of the city, as well as the creation of recreational formations in accordance with the morphological structure of reservoirs.