Художньо-педагогічна діяльність Теодора Тальовського у львівській архітектурній школі

Abstract

Висвітлено творчу та педагогічну діяльність професора Львівської політехніки Теодора Тальовського на зламі ХІХ–ХХ століть. Досліджено архітектурно-художню, педагогічну, наукову та адміністративну роботу видатного митця, розглянуто архівні матеріали Політехнічної школи цього періоду, які висвітлюють навчальні дисципліни, які викладав професор. Проведено огляд альбому креслень проектів костелів авторства Теодора Тальовського.The research covers the creative and pedagogic activity of Teodor Taliovskyi, the professor of Lviv Polytechnic Institute of the end of the 19th century – early 20th century. The paper describes the architectural, artistic, pedagogic, academic and administrative activity of the prominent artist, examines archive materials of the Polytechnic School of that period which cover academic disciplines taught by the professor. The author also performs a review of the album of draft drawings of projects of churches designed by Teodor Taliovskyi. This year we commemorate the 110th death anniversary of Teodor Taliovskyi, the famous architect, painter, professor of the Department of Drawing and Modelling of Lviv School of Architecture, author of a number of famous architectural buildings of Lviv, Krakow, and other cities. It is important to repeatedly reconfirm the essential contribution of the professor into the development of Lviv Polytechnic School. The research also highlights his pedagogic and scientific-and-administrative activity in the educational institution. Teodor Taliovskyi showed himself as a talented architect, painter, pedagogue, and public figure. His creative activity did not follow any certain specific style; he created collages from different styles, for example the Gothic style was supplemented by baroque elements, and the modernism was supplemented by Roman elements. Famous buildings designed by Taliovskyi in Lviv include the Church of Sts. Olha and Elizabeth, who was categorized by researchers as “picturesque historicism” of the end of the 19th century, and the country house of the entrepreneur Yulian Vang. He designed many buildings, country houses, palaces, and churches, namely in Krakow. Artistic works of Teodor Taliovskyi can be classified as lyrical landscape painting that was popular in the end of the 19th century. Painting landscape scenes, he acts as a romanticist (the same as in his architectural works), and effectively captures the natural lightning. In his paintings, he expresses his real state of the soul, his thoughts, feelings, and saturates his works with his personal mood. Teodor Taliovskyi is a talented architect and skilled engineer. His great architectural heritage brought him a worldwide fame and recognition. He belonged to the pleiad of artists working in the sphere of the architectural education. As a professor of the Department of Drawing and Modelling, he openly shared his knowledge with students, transferred his knowledge to them during his drawing classes. His administrative skills, entrepreneurship and tireless work allowed him to head the Department of Drawing and Decoration in the Polytechnic School in 1902–1910, to become the dean of the Faculty in 1906–1908, a member of the attestation commission of the Department of Construction, a member of the Arts Collegium in Krakow, and a member of Wawel Restoration Committee in Krakow. The versatility of his talent, broad geography of the creative heritage, high professionalism of artistic works allowed Teodor Taliovskyi to become of the most famous figures of the end of the 19th century – early 20th century.