Accounting and control features of the using of spare parts (pneumatic tires, rechargeable batteries) on motor transport enterprises

Abstract

The modern approach to accounting of reusable spare parts of motor transport enterprise (MTE) envisages including of pneumatic tires and storage batteries in the complement of current assets. The share of costs for their maintenance in the total cost of transportation services amounts to 25 %, and under these conditions makes it impossible for a sufficient level of internal control (IC) to use such assets effectively. A number of scientists has investigated this issue; however, a unified approach has not been determined, which proves the pressing research problem. Hence, in times of crisis, the issue of accounting improvement, which will lead to optimization of the cost of MTE services cost, becomes especially relevant. The purpose of the research is to summarize the existing regulatory and accounting principles for the accounting of reusable spare parts, to analyze the system (IC) of the use of spare parts of MTE, to develop recommendations for their improvement and practical use. Achieving this goal requires the following tasks: to investigate the features of accounting for the use of spare parts of MTE and to determine the current methodological basis for controlling their use; to analyse tendencies of development of the transport industry of Ukraine, activity and features of accounting of tires and accumulators at MTE (PC “Avtomobilni Perevezennya “Avtoera”); based on the results of the analysis, provide recommendations for improving the organizational and methodological basis of accounting for reusable parts with the introduction of component accounting; to develop accounting support for the process of renting pneumatic tires for PC “AP ”Avtoera”. The tasks are set in the work, solved using the following methods: systematization; abstract-logical analysis; empirical research (in studying the normative and theoretical basis of accounting and control of the use of pneumatic tires); classification and analytical; statistical and comparative analysis (using Microsoft Excel tools in the analysis of the financial state of PC “AP ”Avtoera” to determine the main prerequisites for improving the accounting and control system for the use of pneumatic tires); testing the internal control system; dialectical and comparative (to summarize the results obtained); logical (to build the structure and summarize the results of the research). The work generalizes and analyzes the theoretical and methodological principles of accounting for pneumatic tires and batteries at motor transport enterprises, identifies alternative options for tire accounting and contradictory points that need correction, and formulates a working hypothesis. The tendencies of development of the Ukrainian transport industry, activities and features of accounting of tires and accumulators for MTE (PC “AP ”Avtoera”) analyzed. Improvement of organizational and methodological bases of accounting for spare parts with introduction of component accounting is proposed; accounting support for the process of renting pneumatic tires was developed, recommendations were made to make changes to the accounting policy of the company, in accordance with the proposed directions for improving the organization of accounting for the use of pneumatic tires and batteries