Сучасні тренди e-commerce в логістиці

Abstract

Розглянуто електронну комерцію в логістиці та її сучасні тренди розвитку на основі інноваційних технологій. Розглянуто принципи формування технології block chain та інших засобів електронного бізнесу, таких як online аукціони. Акцентовано увагу на систематизації основних операцій та сфер застосування технології. Обґрун- тованио взаємозв’язок між основними функціональними одиницями логістичного сервісу з використанням трендів електронної комерції.. Проаналізовано вплив технології на розвиток логістичного управління в структурі підприємств та логістичних фірм.The article deals with the main tasks of e-commerce tools in logistics are: tracking business processes; replenishment of stocks in Internet-shops, trading platforms; creation of the appropriate conditions for a comfortable service to clients, in particular discounts, promotions that stimulate the demand of customers and allows reduction the peak load both for the logistics company in general and for specific structural subdivisions; staffing by couriers and fleet. There are several possibilities for tracking business processes, but one of these features is connected with the technology of the block chain, becoming the undisputed leader in the world and in the market of Ukraine in particular. Spheres of application of technology can be various financial transactions, contracts relating to real estate, insurance, logistics in enterprises and logistics companies, the register of services provided by various companies, and so on are described in the article. In the article the block chain technology is substantiated and showed that it can be seen as a continuous sequence of blocks (linked lists) that contain certain information, built according to specific rules. The technology’s principle is that copies of the block chains are stored on a large number of independent computers. This technology is the basis of the digital currency. The block chain technology has huge potential for any business, especially for logistics companies. Considering the block chain technology precisely in the field of logistics management, one can draw attention to a few positive points. By registering in the system, each element of it has its own characteristics. The example can be: carriers and consumers of transportation services. By entering reliable information about the carrier, the number of vehicles, the price, transport tariff, insurance policies, etc., the unit element becomes a unit that begins to create a new chain. This information can not be changed, so users of this technology will immediately notice that a specific carrier has appeared on the map of a certain region. Immediately concluding a smart contract, the client receives a number of services that he has already reviewed and was previously familiar with. The more new elements of the chain will be created, the more secure the system will be. This means choosing the chain of carriers, forwarders, which is necessary for the client, thereby minimizing the number of operations to a minimum, and excluding the work of the intermediary. In logistics, this can be a blasting effect, since the distributed asset register indicates the availability of free carriers in the region’s map and customers interested in transportation. There is entry into the single-span register (one transaction). It is created on-line and carries important information for the client, especially who needs multimodal transportation of a certain quantity and with separate characteristics of the goods.