Держава та армія. – 2014. – №784
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://ena.lpnu.ua/handle/ntb/24509
Вісник Національного університету "Львівська політехніка"
Тематичний випуск “Держава та армія” фахового Вісника Національного університету “Львівська політехніка” виданий з ініціативи Інституту гуманітарних та соціальних наук Львівської політехніки. У цьому випуску Вісника публікуються наукові статті, в яких основну увагу приділено проблемі історії України та її державності і національним Збройним cилам. Виходить у двадцять другий раз. Цей випуск також містить матеріали Міжнародної науково-практичної конференції “Проблеми музеєфікації, реконструкції та експонування пам’яток ранньосередньовічної доби”, що відбулась на базі Культурно-археологічного центру с. Пересопниця на Рівненщині 1–2 червня 2013 р. Розрахований на науковців, викладачів гуманітарних дисциплін, студентів, усіх тих, хто цікавиться проблемами військової історії України.
Вісник Національного університету «Львівська політехніка» : [збірник наукових праць] / Міністерство освіти і науки України, Національний університет «Львівська політехніка». – Львів : Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2014. – № 784 : Держава та армія / відповідальний редактор С. В. Терський. – 288 с.
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Item Підвалини військової політики гетьмана Павла Скоропадського(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2014) Барановська, Н. М.Проаналізовано основні засади військової політики гетьмана Павла Скоропадського, роль і місце національних Збройних Сил у державотворчих процесах квітня – грудня 1918 p. Розглянуто державно-правове підгрунтя формування національної армії та її кадрового забезпечення. The article analyses the main principles of hetman Pavlo Skoropadskyj military policy, role and place of national Military Рowers in state creation processes of April – December, 1918 and considers foundations of national army formation and staffing. Though, recently, in the Ukrainian historical science appeared many scientific works that consider questions of the state formation in period of hetmanate, but the problems of army formation are investigated insufficiently. It is necessary to notice, that despite of complexity of mutual relations in the Ukrainian society and all external threats, during the period of Pavlo Skoropadskyj governing, the questions connected with development of an official military state policy gain an accurate outline. Creation of regular national army as guarantor of state sovereignty is first and foremost. The idea of Central rada about replacement of army by national policy has finally been rejected and realisation of program, concerning formation of the regular, professionally trained Armed forces has begun. The legislative base of military support which not only introduced legal framework for formation of the Ukrainian army and fleet, but also guaranteed their development because of the up-to-date military achievements of that time civilised world, has been developed. Considerable reorganisation of the Ukrainian army’s higher command institutions concerning as structural formation, as operative management has taken place. A set of professional educational institutions has been created for military personnel training. It testifies that P. Skoropadskyj was devoted to an idea of the Ukrainian statehood and was well aware of the role of an combat-ready constant army in question of protection of Ukraine from military aggression of other countries. And with that, P. Skoropadskyj’s protective concept did not provide constant army involvement to police within the country, and officer military formations were used only for suppression of political protest actions and country disorders. However, hetman didn’t managed to push the matter through after all, because of the activity of destructive forces and to create real powerful military force, during his short governing, because even the Serdjutska Guards division that consisted of representatives of substantial farmers and was considered as a support of hetmanate, has come over the side o the Directory.Item Початки формування армії УНР восени 1917 року(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2014) Зінкевич, Р. Д.Досліджено початки формування армії УНР та створення вищих државних військових органів 1917 року. Показано помилки Центральної Ради у військовому будівництві, які згодом призвели до низької боєздатності Армії УНР. The article is about the study of the beginnings of the Ukrainian People’s Army formation and the creation of the senior state military authorities in autumn 1917. The research shows the mistakes of the Central Council regarding the military construction, that further led to the low Ukrainian National Army fighting efficiency. There were major political changes in Russia in autumn 1917. The Bolsheviks came to power after the armed revolution. This change of the political situation had influence on the course of events in Ukraine. During this period the Central Council finished the forming of the Ukrainian national military organizational structures and the creation of the UNA bases. A characteristic feature of that period was a rapid evolution from the spontaneous methods to the emersion of the national state military policy elements, that ultimately led to the appearance of the UNR Armed Forces main body. Against anti-militarist policy of the Central Council, aimed at the elimination of the regular army and replacing it to a people’s militia, all events led to the creation of the Armed Forces as one of the state attributes. In the end of November 1917 the Ukrainian military movement reached the stage of organizational appearance, despite all mistakes in the military construction. There were senior military authorities: General Military Secretariat, that served as the National Ministry of Defence, General Staff, National Military Council and military councils on different levels of the fields. Two military districts Kyiv and Odessa also were subordinated to the Ukrainian authority. In addition, the creation of the Ukrainian Front and the appointment by the Military Secretariat for it relevant chiefs completed the process of formal submission of all parts of the former Russian army on the Ukrainian territory to the UNR government. Ukrainian military schools started training of national military personnel. Therefore, we can state that in November 1917 there was established the UNR Army. It consisted of differently typed formations. According to the ways or methods of organization they could be divided into several types: arbitrary, those that appeared spontaneously; revolutionary, whose creation often started from spontaneous revolutionary movement, and then were recognised as the official authority; planned structures – ukrainianized and newly created units, that had to become the main body of a regular national army. However, the fighting efficiency of the UNA still remained low.Item Особливості організації виховної роботи з особовим складом в умовах переходу до контрактної форми комплектування Збройних сил України(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2014) Буковський, І. В.Розглянуто питання організації виховної роботи з особовим складом в умовах переходу до контрактної форми комплектування Збройних сил України. Останні події в державі підтвердили стару істину про те, що від морального стану особового складу, його патріотизму і готовності жертвувати собою заради Батьківщини в вирішальному сенсі залежить міць армії. У зв’язку з цим надзвичайно важливою постає проблема всебічного вдосконалення виховної роботи, загалом, і військово-патріотичного виховання, зокрема. In this article, the author examines the organization of educational work with staff in the transition to the contract form of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. The topic of research at present is extremely relevant, because over the past few months in the public eye in Ukraine began its armed forces. Their state is actively discussing by media, representatives of political forces, political analysts, NGOs, civil society representatives. The reasons for this are several. And most of them - the aggression of Russia against Ukraine and its annexation of the Crimea. Suddenly everyone interested in the problem of combat capability of the army and navy, their ability to safeguard the independence and territorial integrity. Never, since Ukraine’s independence so sharply was not on the issue of preserving the sovereignty of Ukraine. Amid threats facing it became apparent to all problems and difficulties which are in the Armed Forces. It became apparent crisis in the military, where it was unable to protect our territory. Recent developments in the country have confirmed the old truth that the morale of troops, his patriotism and willingness to sacrifice themselves for the sake of the homeland depends crucially on the power of the army. Due to this crucial problem arises comprehensive improvement of educational work in general and military-patriotic education in particular. Raising troops in any country depends on the economic, political, ethnic, religious, and many other factors. Radical changes are taking place now in the Armed Forces, for the establishment of adequate in these processes of social and educational conditions and determine the need for optimal development of education, the implementation of current ideas and technologies, the transition from an authoritarian to a person-oriented differentiated system of education.