Функції галузевого лобіювання як елемент організаційно економічного механізму взаємодії бізнесу та влади

Abstract

Досліджено інститут галузевого лобіювання як один із ефективних механізмів взаємодії бізнесу та влади. Зокрема, досліджено взаємозв’язки між суб’єктами ринку політичних послуг та систематизовано етапи галузевого лобіювання. Окремо виділено сім функцій галузевого лобіювання та розглянуто їх вплив на механізм взаємодії бізнесу та влади. Зроблено висновки щодо розвитку ринку політичних послуг та формування механізмів взаємодії бізнесу та влади.The article deals with the issues of research of interaction between businesses and public authorities through the tools of industry lobbying. In economical literature mechanisms of interaction between business and government are mainly focused on lobbying activities as a form of market sharing between the special business and government interests. However, the definition of special functions of non-government sector institutions which are one of the mechanisms of interaction between business and public authorities is not final. The research of elements of organizational and economic mechanism of interaction between business and the state allows to research the feasibility of industry lobbying as one of the factors minimizing corruptive decision-making. That is why the aim of the research is to generalize functions of industry lobbying as a component of organizational and economic interaction between business and public authorities in Ukraine. The tasks of the study include (1) research of the relationships between market participants and policy services and structuration of stages of industry lobbying, (2) summary of the main features of organizational and economic mechanism of interaction between the state and non-government sector institutions. As a result seven functions describing the mechanism of interaction between business and government were identified. The first function is economic, where strategic directions of economic development sector in terms of the protection of the interests are created and coordinated. The second function is political. This function includes participation, training and assistance in adopting regulations aimed at protecting the interests of the industry. Organizational and representative functions are the tools of self-organization in the private sector for the right to conduct external communications on behalf of the industry. Function of control as a function of checking the factors that affect the industry and legislative initiatives influencing the operation. The function of connection is defined by correlation between citizens and industry and between industry and government. The function of protection is defined by the interests of the defense industry through overcoming the impact of the indirect informational influence of objective requirements for information and reasoning for the expected government decisions. In the article authors followed the theoretical principles of the relationship between business and government, describing sector lobbying as the only market agreement for information exchange or preferences for its members. Sector lobbying is just one of the tools of the mechanism of interaction as a system, so it was determined that further studies should be conducted in order to form a model of complex mechanism of interaction between business – non-government sector institutions - public authorities, systemize methods and define a wider range of instruments, the use of which will affect forming of a transparent market policy services in Ukraine.